Gingival Hyperpigmentation Treatment
Gingival Hyperpigmentation Treatment With Injectable Vitamin C in Conjunction With Glutathione Versus The Conventional Surgical Depigmentation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Statut
Les conditions
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Intervention / Traitement
Description détaillée
Over the last decade, an increasing interest has been observed in esthetic treatments. In fact, The smile is an important aesthetic component of the face and significantly impacts the perception of beauty and psychological well-being. Gingival hyperpigmentation has been an aesthetic problem for many patients, which can definitely affect their psychosocial behavior.
Gingival hyperpigmentation is not a condition and can be defined as " a darker gingival color beyond what is normally expected". Moreover, it can be attributed to multiple external or internal factors. It may be physiological (excessive melanin deposition) or pathological (smoking).
Gingival Depigmentation can be treated by different modalities including chemical and surgical methods. Lately, gingival Depigmentation was carried out by lasers, cryosurgery and radiosurgery.
Additionally, multiple evidence have suggested the use of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to treat gin- gival pigmentation. It was demonstrated that ascorbic acid is a water-soluble antioxidant and an essential nutrient for collagen biosynthesis. Furthermore, it was proven that it is effective in the elimination of hyperpigmented lesion.
Lately, glutathione has come into focus in aesthetics because of its antimelanogenic (inhibits melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes) and antioxidant properties. It aids in skin lightening because it inhibits tyrosinase enzymes. Moreover, the use of vitamin C and glutathione has been well established, as they participate in antioxidant cellular defense systems. The series of oxidation-reduction reactions that allow vitamin C and glutathione to interact each other makes them unique The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of its rather-epidermal vitamin C in conjunction with glutathione injection compared to the conventional surgical technique in order to manage patients with gingival hyperpigmentation.
Type d'étude
Type d'étude
Inscription (Estimé)
Inscription
Phase
Phase
- Phase 2
Contacts et emplacements
Coordonnées de l'étude
Coordonnées de l'étude
- Nom: Nourhan A Abdelkhalek
- Numéro de téléphone: 01005802478
- E-mail: naa14@fayoum.edu.eg
Lieux d'étude
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Faiyum Governorate
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Al Fayyum, Faiyum Governorate, Egypte, 63511
- Recrutement
- Faculty of Dentistry
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Contact:
- Amr E Emaraa, Associate professor
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Critères de participation
Critère d'éligibilité
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
- Adulte
- Adulte plus âgé
Accepte les volontaires sains
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
The selection criteria were done according to Gingival pigmentation index is as follows (Dummett and Bolden)10:
- Score0:absence of pigmentation
- Score1:spotsofbrowntoblackcolororpigments
- Score2:browntoblackpatchesbutnotdiffusepigmentation
- Score3:diffuse brown to black pigmentation,marginal,and attached.
Patients who have Dummett and Bolden index score 1, 2, or 3 will be included in addition to the following criteria:
- above 18yrs
- systemically free
- physiologic gingival hyperpigmentation related to esthetic region
- well maintained oral hygiene and willing to undergo minor surgical procedures
Exclusion Criteria:
- systemic diseases associated with pathological hyperpigmentation or improper delayed wound healing (uncontrolled diabetes, autoimmune diseases, etc.)
- pregnant and lactating mothers
- usage of chlorhexidine or povidone iodine
- Local causes (smoking)
- periodontal diseases (plaque and non-plaque induced gingivitis or periodontitis)
- non compliant patients
Plan d'étude
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Traitement
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Nombre de bras
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / BrasGroupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / TraitementIntervention / Traitement |
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Expérimental: Arm1:(Vit C & glutathione injection)
The site of interest will be anesthetized using topical anesthetic agent (lignocaine gel or xylocaine gel). Infiltration anesthesia will be recommended during the first injection visit. Intraepidermal injection of 1-1.5 ml of vitamin C and glutathione will be performed. It will be locally introduced in relation to the keratinized gingival tissues with extension to the whole target region successively using special syringes (50 gauge). The needle will be introduced parallel to the gingival tissues with the bevel facing upwards. Vitamin C & glutathione will then be delivered through the attached gingival tissues at the epithelium-connective tissue junction (equivalent to epidermal- dermal junction) till the tissues blanch. Maximum 0.1 ml of injection is recommended for each point with 2-3 mm apart. The same dose will be repeated once per week for maximum 4 visits till no further color improvement gained. |
Vitamins c and glutathione injection that usually used for cosmetic skin care (whitening)
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Comparateur actif: ATM 2: surgical depigmentation
Using a 15c blade an epithelial layer and part of connective tissue will be removed till the pigmentation disappears with ultra care not to expose the bone. The marginal and interdental papillary tissues remain critical regions, fortunately, they are not deeply pigmented. Periodontal dressing is recommended for minimal 7 days postoperative. Patients will be instructed to avoid the mechanical trauma to the treated sites. Patients will be administering an analgesic (Ibuprofen 400 mg) to be used as needed. Following each injection visit, the patients will be asked to abstain from mechanical oral hygiene procedures in relation to the target region for the day of procedure only. Plain tooth pastes (Colgate toothpaste) with anti- inflammatory mouthwash (Citrolin mouth, Pharco Company, Egypt) were recommended. |
Removal of gingival pigmentation by scalpel
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
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Degree of gingival pigmentation by Takashi index (Hanioka et al., 2005)
Délai: baseline: before surgery/injection (day1), after 1 mon ,3 mon ,6 mon and 9 month
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Degree of gingival pigmentation 0: no pigmentation
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baseline: before surgery/injection (day1), after 1 mon ,3 mon ,6 mon and 9 month
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Degree of gingival pigmentation by Gingival pigmentation index (Kumar et al., 2013)
Délai: The color assessment will be evaluated in the daylight and by examining the regular digital photographs which will be taken pre-operative (day of the procedure / day 1), and post-operatively after 1 month and 9 months.
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Score 0: absence Score 1: spots of brown to black Score 2: brown to black patches but not diffuse Score 3: diffuse brown to black pigmentation
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The color assessment will be evaluated in the daylight and by examining the regular digital photographs which will be taken pre-operative (day of the procedure / day 1), and post-operatively after 1 month and 9 months.
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Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
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Pain score
Délai: visual analogue scale (VAS) after the surgery/injection (day 1) till 10 days after (day 10 after the surgery/injection)
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VAS scores pain will be divided into ten numerical parts consisting of one cm each on a horizontal line with two endpoints (left and right), with "0" representing "no pain" to "10" representing "severe pain."
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visual analogue scale (VAS) after the surgery/injection (day 1) till 10 days after (day 10 after the surgery/injection)
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Itching
Délai: visual analogue scale (VAS) after the surgery/injection (day 1) till 10 days after (day 10 after the surgery/injection)
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A vertical scale for wound itching was measured with a scale with five scores: no itching (0) mild itching (1point) moderate itching (2 points) severe itching (3 points) extremely severe (4 points)
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visual analogue scale (VAS) after the surgery/injection (day 1) till 10 days after (day 10 after the surgery/injection)
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Patient satisfaction
Délai: At the end of the follow up period ( 9 months)
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using a 5- graded self-assessment analysis (Huh et al. 2003).
excellent (grade 4: improved over 75%) good (grade 3: improved 50e75%) moderate (grade 2: improved 25e50%) fair (grade 1: improved less than 25%) no change or worse (grade 0: not improved or darkened)
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At the end of the follow up period ( 9 months)
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
Parrainer
Parrainer
Collaborateurs
Collaborateurs
Les enquêteurs
Les enquêteurs
- Chercheur principal: Nourhan A Abdullah, Phd, Lecturer at faculty of dentistry, Fayoum university
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
Début de l'étude
Achèvement primaire (Estimé)
Achèvement primaire
Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)
Achèvement de l'étude
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
Première soumission
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première publication (Réel)
Première publication
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
Dernière mise à jour publiée
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière vérification
Dernière vérification
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Mots clés
Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires
- Maladies de la peau
- Hypopigmentation
- Troubles pigmentaires
- Maladies de la peau et du tissu conjonctif
- Vitiligo
- Peptides
- Acides aminés, peptides et protéines
- Oligopeptides
- Produits chimiques organiques
- Glucides
- Acides sucre
- Acides, acyclique
- Acides carboxyliques
- Acides hydroxy
- Acide ascorbique
- Glutathion
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- IRB00012891#159
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
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Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
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