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Prognostic Value of Pulpal Blood pH and Oxygen Saturation in Vital Pulp Therapy: Determination of Clinically Relevant Thresholds in a Prospective Clinical Study

2026年9月27日 更新者:ertuğrul karataş

Interventional Prognostic Value of Pulpal Blood pH and Oxygen Saturation in Vital Pulp Therapy: Determination of Clinically Relevant Thresholds in a Prospective Clinical Study

The increasing emphasis on biological tissue preservation in contemporary endodontics has positioned vital pulp therapy (VPT) as an important treatment strategy for maintaining pulp vitality and preserving the functional integrity of the pulp-dentine complex. Advances in biomaterials and understanding of pulpal healing have expanded the indications for VPT and contributed to favourable clinical outcomes; however, appropriate case selection remains a critical determinant of treatment success. Currently, the clinical assessment of pulpal status before VPT relies on a combination of patient-reported symptoms, clinical and radiographic findings, pulp sensibility testing and intraoperative assessment of pulpal bleeding. Although clinically valuable, these parameters do not provide a direct and objective measure of the biological status or healing potential of the pulp and may be influenced by clinical interpretation. Consequently, there remains a need for objective biological parameters that provide more direct information on pulpal status and healing potential, thereby supporting case selection and prognostic assessment in VPT.

Progressive pulpal inflammation is accompanied by increased production of inflammatory mediators, vascular congestion, enhanced vascular permeability, impaired microcirculation, and reduced tissue perfusion. These vascular alterations may compromise oxygen delivery to the pulp, resulting in reduced pulpal oxygen saturation (SpO2). As oxygen availability decreases, cellular metabolism shifts towards anaerobic pathways, promoting the accumulation of acidic metabolites, which may consequently lead to a reduction in pulpal blood pH. Accordingly, pulpal SpO2 and pulpal blood pH may represent complementary physiological and metabolic indicators of pulpal inflammatory status. Their assessment may provide objective information on the biological condition and healing potential of the pulp that is not directly captured by conventional diagnostic methods. Consistent with these observations, Hosseinzadehfard et al. (2026) reported that pulpal blood pH and SpO2 varied with pulpal diagnostic status, supporting their potential value as objective indicators of pulpal inflammation. However, their study focused on the diagnostic relevance of these parameters rather than their association with VPT success. To date, their association with subsequent treatment outcomes and clinically relevant thresholds for outcome prediction remain to be established.

The present prospective clinical study aims to investigate the association of pulpal blood pH and pulpal SpO2, individually and in combination, with the clinical and radiographic outcome of VPT at the 12-month follow-up, and to determine clinically relevant threshold values associated with treatment success. Pulpal blood pH will be assessed both immediately after initial pulp exposure and following pulpotomy in the remaining vital pulp tissue, allowing evaluation of the relationship between the two pH measurements. Systemic oxygen saturation and venous blood pH will additionally serve as physiological reference measures. The findings may provide an evidence-based foundation for a more objective and biologically informed approach to case selection and prognostic assessment in VPT.

調査の概要

状態

まだ募集していません

条件

介入・治療

研究の種類

観察的

入学 (推定)

96

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

16年~50年 (子、大人)

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

はい

受講資格のある性別

全て

サンプリング方法

非確率サンプル

調査対象母集団

Patients aged 16-50 years presenting with permanent molar teeth affected by deep dentinal caries will be consecutively screened for eligibility, with a total of 96 eligible participants recruited into the study. Teeth diagnosed with reversible pulpitis or symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, exhibiting positive responses to both cold testing and electric pulp testing (EPT) and no radiographic evidence of apical radiolucency will be eligible for inclusion in the study. Prior to enrolment, all participants will receive detailed verbal and written information regarding the study protocol. Written informed consent will be obtained before any clinical procedures are performed. Baseline demographic and clinical information, including age, sex, tooth type, pulpal diagnosis, presenting symptoms, clinical findings and radiographic characteristics will be recorded using standardized case report forms.

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients aged 16-50 years who provide written informed consent to participate in the study.
  • Patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I.
  • Permanent molar teeth with deep dentinal caries considered suitable for vital pulp therapy.
  • Teeth diagnosed with reversible pulpitis or symptomatic irreversible pulpitis based on predefined clinical diagnostic criteria.
  • Teeth exhibiting a positive response to both cold testing and electric pulp testing (EPT).
  • Teeth without tenderness to percussion or palpation.
  • Teeth without clinical evidence of swelling or sinus tract.
  • Teeth without radiographic evidence of apical radiolucency.
  • Teeth considered restorable and suitable for adequate rubber-dam isolation.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Teeth exhibiting a negative response to cold testing and/or EPT or diagnosed with pulp necrosis.
  • Teeth with radiographic evidence of apical radiolucency.
  • Teeth with a history of previous root canal treatment.
  • Teeth with internal or external root resorption, vertical or horizontal root fracture or a history of dental trauma.
  • Teeth with pathological mobility or generalized periodontitis.
  • Teeth with swelling or a sinus tract.
  • Teeth that cannot be adequately isolated using a rubber dam.
  • Teeth with extensive pre-existing coronal restorations, full-coverage crowns or other conditions that may interfere with appropriate positioning of the pulse oximeter probe or optical signal transmission.
  • Patients classified as ASA II or higher.
  • Patients who have used antibiotics, bisphosphonates, or statins within the four weeks preceding treatment.
  • Patients who have taken analgesic medication within 48 hours before treatment.
  • Pregnant patients or those with suspected pregnancy.

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか?

デザインの詳細

  • 観測モデル:COHORT
  • 時間の展望:PROSPECTIVE

この研究は何を測定していますか?

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Association Between Initial Pulpal Blood pH (pH₁) and 12-Month Vital Pulp Therapy Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

Initial pulpal blood pH (pH₁) will be measured immediately after pulp exposure and before the application of any hemostatic agent, irrigation solution, or pulp-capping material. Approximately 50 µL of freely available pulpal blood will be collected using a sterile single-use microcapillary tube and immediately measured using a HORIBA LAQUAtwin pH-33 microvolume pH meter with Sampling Sheet B. Values will be reported in pH units. The association between pH₁ and the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy (success or failure) will be evaluated.

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.
Association Between Post-Pulpotomy Pulpal Blood pH (pH₂) and 12-Month Vital Pulp Therapy Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

Among participants undergoing pulpotomy, post-pulpotomy pulpal blood pH (pH₂) will be measured from the remaining vital pulp tissue before the application of any hemostatic agent, disinfectant solution or pulp-capping material. Approximately 50 µL of freely available pulpal blood will be collected using a sterile single-use microcapillary tube and immediately measured using a HORIBA LAQUAtwin pH-33 microvolume pH meter with Sampling Sheet B. Values will be reported in pH units. The association between pH₂ and the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy (success or failure) will be evaluated.

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.
Association Between Pulpal Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂) and 12-Month Vital Pulp Therapy Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

Pulpal oxygen saturation (SpO₂) will be measured using pulse oximetry and reported as a percentage (%). The association between pulpal SpO₂ and the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy (success or failure) will be evaluated.

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Clinically Relevant Threshold Value of Initial Pulpal Blood pH (pH₁) for 12-Month VPT Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

A clinically relevant threshold value for initial pulpal blood pH (pH₁) in relation to the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy will be determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. pH₁ will be reported in pH units. The prognostic performance of the identified threshold will be evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.
Clinically Relevant Threshold Value of Post-Pulpotomy Pulpal Blood pH (pH₂) for 12-Month VPT Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

Among participants undergoing pulpotomy, a clinically relevant threshold value for post-pulpotomy pulpal blood pH (pH₂) in relation to the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy will be determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. pH₂ will be reported in pH units. The prognostic performance of the identified threshold will be evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.
Clinically Relevant Threshold Value of Pulpal Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂) for 12-Month VPT Outcome
時間枠:From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.

A clinically relevant threshold value for pulpal oxygen saturation (SpO₂) in relation to the 12-month clinical and radiographic outcome of vital pulp therapy will be determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Pulpal SpO₂ will be reported as a percentage (%). The prognostic performance of the identified threshold will be evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV).

From baseline (treatment day) to the 12-month follow-up for each participant.
Correlation Between Pulpal and Systemic Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
時間枠:Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).

The correlation between pulpal oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and systemic oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measured at the index finger will be evaluated. Systemic SpO₂ will serve as the physiological reference measure for pulpal oxygen saturation. Both measurements will be obtained using pulse oximetry and reported as a percentage (%).

Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).
Correlation Between Initial Pulpal Blood pH (pH₁) and Venous Blood pH
時間枠:Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).

Initial pulpal blood pH (pH₁) will be measured using a HORIBA LAQUAtwin pH-33 microvolume pH meter and reported in pH units. Venous blood pH will be measured using venous blood gas analysis and reported in pH units. The correlation between pH₁ and venous blood pH will be evaluated, with venous blood pH serving as the systemic physiological reference measure.

Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).
Correlation Between Post-Pulpotomy Pulpal Blood pH (pH₂) and Venous Blood pH
時間枠:Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).

Among participants undergoing pulpotomy, post-pulpotomy pulpal blood pH (pH₂) will be measured from the remaining vital pulp tissue using a HORIBA LAQUAtwin pH-33 microvolume pH meter and reported in pH units. Venous blood pH will be measured using venous blood gas analysis and reported in pH units. The correlation between pH₂ and venous blood pH will be evaluated, with venous blood pH serving as the systemic physiological reference measure.

Measurements obtained on the treatment day (baseline).

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

捜査官

  • スタディディレクター:Ertuğrul KARATAŞ、Ataturk University

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (推定)

2026年10月1日

一次修了 (推定)

2027年12月1日

研究の完了 (推定)

2028年8月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年9月22日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年9月27日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年9月30日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年9月30日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年9月27日

最終確認日

2026年9月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • ATA-ENDO-VPTPH-2026-01

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

はい

医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書

米国FDA規制医薬品の研究

いいえ

米国FDA規制機器製品の研究

いいえ

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