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Effects of Different Activation Techniques on Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy in Apical Periodontitis

2026年11月4日 更新者:Nihan Çelik Uzun、Karadeniz Technical University

Molecular and Clinical Evaluation of the Effects of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Applied Using Different Activation Techniques on the Microbiota and Host Response in Previously Root Canal-Treated Teeth With Apical Periodontitis

This randomized clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of different intracanal methylene blue agitation techniques used during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on root canal microbiota, host inflammatory responses, postoperative pain, and periapical healing in previously root canal-treated teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis.

A total of 60 participants will be randomly allocated to four groups (15 participants per group): aPDT without additional methylene blue agitation (control), aPDT with standard needle irrigation(SNI), aPDT with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and aPDT with Er,Cr:YSSG laser-assisted irrigation (LAI).

All participants will undergo nonsurgical root canal retreatment. Methylene blue will be used as the photosensitizing agent, and photodynamic light irradiation will be performed using the LED FotoSan device in all groups.

Root canal samples will be collected at three treatment stages to investigate changes in microbial communities and inflammatory markers. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing will be performed in a subset of participants, while selected inflammatory cytokines will be measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Postoperative pain and radiographic periapical healing will also be evaluated during follow-up.

The study aims to determine whether different methylene blue agitation techniques influence the microbiological, inflammatory, and clinical outcomes of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy during root canal retreatment.

調査の概要

状態

募集

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

This randomized clinical trial will investigate the molecular, microbiological, inflammatory, and clinical effects of different intracanal methylene blue agitation techniques used during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in previously root canal-treated permanent teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis.

A total of 60 participants will be randomly allocated to four groups (n=15 per group):

Control group: aPDT without additional intracanal methylene blue agitation.

Standard needle irrigation (SNI) group: aPDT with conventional syringe agitation of methylene blue.

Passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) group: aPDT with passive ultrasonic agitation of methylene blue.

Laser-activated irrigation (LAI) group: aPDT with Er,Cr:YSSG laser-assisted agitation of methylene blue.

All participants will undergo nonsurgical root canal retreatment, including removal of the previous root canal filling material and chemomechanical preparation. Methylene blue will be introduced into the root canal system as the photosensitizing agent. The assigned intracanal agitation protocol will then be performed, followed by photodynamic light irradiation using the FotoSan device in all groups.

Root canal samples will be collected at three stages: S1, after removal of the previous root canal filling material; S2, after chemomechanical preparation; and S3, following antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing will be performed in a subset of 24 participants, including eight participants from each of the SNI, PUI, and LAI groups. The analysis will investigate microbial taxonomic composition, microbial diversity, functional pathways, antimicrobial resistance genes, and virulence-associated factors.

Host inflammatory responses will be evaluated in all four study groups by measuring interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Postoperative pain will be assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) at predefined intervals following treatment. Periapical healing will be evaluated radiographically during the follow-up period.

Within-group changes across sampling points and between-group differences will be evaluated to determine the influence of intracanal methylene blue agitation techniques on microbial communities, host inflammatory responses, postoperative pain, and periapical healing

研究の種類

介入

入学 (推定)

60

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

  • 名前:Nihan Çelik Uzun, Assistant Professor
  • 電話番号:+90 4623774813 +90 5557256407
  • メール:nihancelik@ktu.edu.tr

研究場所

    • Ortahisar
      • Trabzon、Ortahisar、トルコ(Türkiye)
        • 募集
        • Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Dentistry
        • コンタクト:
        • 主任研究者:
          • Nihan ÇELİK UZUN, Assistant Professor

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

18年~65年 (大人、高齢者)

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

いいえ

受講資格のある性別

全て

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18-65 years.
  • No history of systemic disease.
  • Non-smokers.
  • Not pregnant or breastfeeding.
  • Provision of written informed consent.
  • Willingness to attend follow-up appointments for 12 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Teeth with internal or external root resorption.
  • Teeth with moderate or severe root canal curvature.
  • Teeth with open apices.
  • Teeth with periodontal probing depths ≥4 mm.
  • Teeth in which adequate rubber dam isolation cannot be achieved.
  • Teeth considered non-restorable.
  • Teeth requiring post retention.
  • Teeth with radiographically determined periapical lesions larger than 5.
  • Systemic antibiotic or anti-inflammatory medication use within the preceding month.

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか?

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的:処理
  • 割り当て:ランダム化
  • 介入モデル:並列代入
  • マスキング:独身

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
アクティブコンパレータ:Control - aPDT Without Additional Activation

Participants will receive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using methylene blue without additional intracanal agitation, followed by FotoSan light irradiation

All participants will receive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using methylene blue as the photosensitizer, followed by photodynamic light irradiation with the FotoSan device. The groups will differ according to the intracanal activation technique applied to methylene blue.

実験的:Standard Needle Irrigation (SNI)

Participants will receive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with intracanal agitation of methylene blue using a standard irrigation needle with back-and-forth movements, followed by photodynamic light irradiation using the FotoSan device.

Methylene blue will be agitated within the root canal using a standard irrigation needle with back-and-forth movements before photodynamic light irradiation with the FotoSan device.

実験的:Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation (PUI)

Participants will receive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with intracanal activation of methylene blue using passive ultrasonic irrigation, followed by photodynamic light irradiation using the FotoSan device.

Methylene blue will be activated within the root canal using passive ultrasonic irrigation before photodynamic light irradiation with the FotoSan device.

実験的:Laser-Activated Irrigation (LAI)

Participants will receive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with intracanal activation of methylene blue using an Er, Cr:YSGG laser-assisted irrigation technique, followed by photodynamic light irradiation using the FotoSan device

ethylene blue will be activated within the root canal using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted irrigation technique before photodynamic light irradiation with the FotoSan device

この研究は何を測定していますか?

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Postoperative Pain Intensity Assessed Using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
時間枠:Up to 7 days after treatment (24 hours, 72 hours, and day 7)

Postoperative pain intensity will be assessed using a 100-mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 100 (unbearable pain). Participants will record their pain intensity at 24 hours, 72 hours, and 1 week after treatment. Mean VAS scores at each time point will be compared among the four treatment groups.

Up to 7 days after treatment (24 hours, 72 hours, and day 7)

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Periapical Radiographic Healing Assessed Using the Periapical Index (PAI)
時間枠:From baseline through 12 months after treatment (baseline, immediately post-treatment, month 6, and month 12)

Periapical radiographic healing will be assessed using digital periapical radiographs obtained with the paralleling technique. Periapical status will be evaluated using the Periapical Index (PAI), scored from 1 (normal periapical structures) to 5 (severe periodontitis with exacerbating features). Teeth with PAI scores of 1 or 2 will be classified as healed, whereas teeth with PAI scores of 3, 4, or 5 will be classified as not healed. Changes in PAI scores will be evaluated over time and compared among treatment groups. Periapical healing will be assessed using the Periapical Index (PAI) before treatment, immediately after treatment, and at 6 and 12 months after treatment.

From baseline through 12 months after treatment (baseline, immediately post-treatment, month 6, and month 12)

その他の成果指標

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Changes in Root Canal Microbial Composition
時間枠:Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)

hanges in root canal microbial composition will be assessed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of samples collected at three treatment stages. Taxonomic profiles will be evaluated before and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and compared among the standard needle irrigation (SNI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and laser-activated irrigation (LAI) grou

Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)
Changes in Microbial Functional Gene Profiles
時間枠:Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)

Changes in microbial functional gene profiles will be evaluated using shotgun metagenomic sequencing of root canal samples collected at S1, S2, and S3. Functional gene profiles will be compared across sampling stages and among the SNI, PUI, and LAI groups

Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)
Changes in Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Profiles
時間枠:Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)

Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in root canal microbial samples will be characterized using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Changes in ARG profiles will be evaluated across S1, S2, and S3 and compared among the SNI, PUI, and LAI groups.

Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)
Changes in Intracanal Inflammatory Cytokine Levels
時間枠:Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)

Intracanal levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ will be measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in samples collected at S1, S2, and S3. Changes in cytokine levels will be evaluated across sampling stages and compared among the four study groups.

Day 1 (before treatment, after irrigation activation, and after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy)

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

捜査官

  • 主任研究者:Nihan Çelik Uzun, Assistant Professor、Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Dentistry

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (実際)

2026年10月1日

一次修了 (推定)

2026年12月30日

研究の完了 (推定)

2027年5月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年10月13日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年11月4日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年11月6日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年11月6日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年11月4日

最終確認日

2026年10月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • 25-AKD-307

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

いいえ

IPD プランの説明

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared with other researchers to protect participant privacy and confidentiality. Study findings will be reported in aggregate form in scientific publications

医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書

米国FDA規制医薬品の研究

いいえ

米国FDA規制機器製品の研究

いいえ

この情報は、Web サイト clinicaltrials.gov から変更なしで直接取得したものです。研究の詳細を変更、削除、または更新するリクエストがある場合は、register@clinicaltrials.gov。 までご連絡ください。 clinicaltrials.gov に変更が加えられるとすぐに、ウェブサイトでも自動的に更新されます。