Effect of a Magnesium Sulfate Footbath on Primary Dysmenorrhea Pain
2026년 7월 21일 업데이트: Sena Dilek Aksoy, Kocaeli University
Effect of a Warm-Water Footbath Containing Magnesium Sulfate on Pain in Women With Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial
Primary dysmenorrhea is a common condition characterized by painful menstruation.
This three-arm randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of a warm-water footbath containing magnesium sulfate on primary dysmenorrhea pain.
A total of 120 women were randomized to a magnesium sulfate warm-water footbath group, a warm-water footbath group, or a no-intervention control group.
Pain was assessed using the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale at baseline, 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours after the intervention.
연구 개요
상태
상태
완전한
정황
정황
개입 / 치료
개입 / 치료
상세 설명
Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs without an identifiable pelvic disorder. It is common among young women and may negatively affect daily activities and quality of life. Nonpharmacological interventions that are simple, inexpensive, and suitable for home use may support pain management.
This study was designed as a three-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 women with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three groups. Participants in the magnesium sulfate group immersed their feet in 10 liters of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate. Participants in the warm-water group received the same footbath without magnesium sulfate. Participants in the control group received no intervention. The footbath was applied for 20 minutes. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C. The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was performed at the participants' homes and supervised by researchers through a video call.Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. The Visual Analogue Scale was measured at baseline, 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours. Present Pain Intensity and the sensory, affective, and total Pain Rating Index scores were assessed at 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours. Participants were asked not to use analgesics, heat therapy, or another pain-relief method during the two-hour follow-up period.
연구 유형
연구 유형
중재적
등록 (실제)
등록
120
단계
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.
연구 장소
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Kocaeli, 터키 (Türkiye), 41380
- Kocaeli University
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참여기준
연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.
자격 기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
- 성인
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
아니
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Women aged 18-35 years
- Having regular menstrual cycles
- Experiencing primary dysmenorrhea
- Having a menstrual pain score of at least 3 on the Visual Analogue Scale
- Engaging in physical activity no more than twice per week
- Having a body mass index of 29.9 kg/m² or lower
- Willing to participate and providing informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous childbirth
- Presence of varicose veins, open wounds, or skin lesions on the feet or lower legs
- Presence of an acute or chronic foot condition
- Medical advice against warm-water footbath use
- Use of hormonal contraceptives
- Frequent use of anti-inflammatory or analgesic medications
공부 계획
이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 치료
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
- 마스킹: 하나의
팔의 수
3
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
|
실험적: Magnesium Sulfate Warm-Water Footbath
Participants immersed their feet in 10 L of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate for 20 minutes.
The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C.
The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles.
The intervention was performed at home and supervised by the researchers through a video call.
|
A 20-minute footbath using 10 L of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate.
The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C, and the feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles.
The intervention was administered during the first three days of menstruation when the participant's pain score was at least 3.
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활성 비교기: Warm-Water Footbath
Participants immersed their feet in 10 L of warm water without magnesium sulfate for 20 minutes.
The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C.
The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles.
The intervention was performed at home and supervised by the researchers through a video call.
|
A 20-minute footbath using 10 L of warm water without magnesium sulfate.
The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C, and the feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles.
The intervention was administered during the first three days of menstruation when the participant's pain score was at least 3.
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간섭 없음: No-Intervention Control
Participants received no footbath or other study intervention during the two-hour follow-up period.
They were instructed not to use analgesics, heat therapy, or other nonpharmacological pain-relief methods during this period.
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Visual Analogue Scale Pain Score
기간: Baseline, immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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Menstrual pain intensity was assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicated no pain and 10 indicated the worst imaginable pain.
Higher scores indicated greater pain intensity.
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Baseline, immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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2차 결과 측정
2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Present Pain Intensity Score
기간: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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Present pain intensity was assessed using the Present Pain Intensity component of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.
Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
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Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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Sensory Pain Rating Index Score
기간: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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The sensory dimension of pain was assessed using the 11 sensory descriptors of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.
Each descriptor is rated from 0 to 3. Total sensory scores range from 0 to 33, with higher scores indicating greater sensory pain.
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Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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Affective Pain Rating Index Score
기간: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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The affective dimension of pain was assessed using the four affective descriptors of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.
Each descriptor is rated from 0 to 3. Total affective scores range from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater affective pain.
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Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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Total Pain Rating Index Score
기간: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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The total Pain Rating Index was calculated by summing the sensory and affective descriptor scores of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire.
Scores range from 0 to 45, with higher scores indicating greater pain.
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Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
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협력자
협력자
연구 기록 날짜
이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.
연구 주요 날짜
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기본 완료 (실제)
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연구 완료 (실제)
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연구 등록 날짜
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연구 기록 업데이트
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2026년 7월 1일
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이 연구와 관련된 용어
기타 연구 ID 번호
기타 연구 ID 번호
- SDilek14
- 1919B012414230 (기타 보조금/기금 번호: TUBITAK)
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아니요
IPD 계획 설명
Individual participant data will not be made publicly available because data sharing was not included in the participant consent process.
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