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Effect of a Magnesium Sulfate Footbath on Primary Dysmenorrhea Pain

21 juli 2026 bijgewerkt door: Sena Dilek Aksoy, Kocaeli University

Effect of a Warm-Water Footbath Containing Magnesium Sulfate on Pain in Women With Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial

Primary dysmenorrhea is a common condition characterized by painful menstruation. This three-arm randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of a warm-water footbath containing magnesium sulfate on primary dysmenorrhea pain. A total of 120 women were randomized to a magnesium sulfate warm-water footbath group, a warm-water footbath group, or a no-intervention control group. Pain was assessed using the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire and a Visual Analogue Scale at baseline, 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours after the intervention.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs without an identifiable pelvic disorder. It is common among young women and may negatively affect daily activities and quality of life. Nonpharmacological interventions that are simple, inexpensive, and suitable for home use may support pain management.

This study was designed as a three-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 women with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three groups. Participants in the magnesium sulfate group immersed their feet in 10 liters of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate. Participants in the warm-water group received the same footbath without magnesium sulfate. Participants in the control group received no intervention. The footbath was applied for 20 minutes. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C. The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was performed at the participants' homes and supervised by researchers through a video call.Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale and the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. The Visual Analogue Scale was measured at baseline, 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours. Present Pain Intensity and the sensory, affective, and total Pain Rating Index scores were assessed at 20 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours. Participants were asked not to use analgesics, heat therapy, or another pain-relief method during the two-hour follow-up period.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

120

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women aged 18-35 years
  • Having regular menstrual cycles
  • Experiencing primary dysmenorrhea
  • Having a menstrual pain score of at least 3 on the Visual Analogue Scale
  • Engaging in physical activity no more than twice per week
  • Having a body mass index of 29.9 kg/m² or lower
  • Willing to participate and providing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous childbirth
  • Presence of varicose veins, open wounds, or skin lesions on the feet or lower legs
  • Presence of an acute or chronic foot condition
  • Medical advice against warm-water footbath use
  • Use of hormonal contraceptives
  • Frequent use of anti-inflammatory or analgesic medications

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Enkel

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Magnesium Sulfate Warm-Water Footbath
Participants immersed their feet in 10 L of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate for 20 minutes. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C. The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was performed at home and supervised by the researchers through a video call.
A 20-minute footbath using 10 L of warm water containing 200 g of magnesium sulfate. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C, and the feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was administered during the first three days of menstruation when the participant's pain score was at least 3.
Actieve vergelijker: Warm-Water Footbath
Participants immersed their feet in 10 L of warm water without magnesium sulfate for 20 minutes. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C. The feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was performed at home and supervised by the researchers through a video call.
A 20-minute footbath using 10 L of warm water without magnesium sulfate. The water temperature was maintained between 34°C and 37°C, and the feet were immersed to approximately 10-15 cm above the ankles. The intervention was administered during the first three days of menstruation when the participant's pain score was at least 3.
Geen tussenkomst: No-Intervention Control
Participants received no footbath or other study intervention during the two-hour follow-up period. They were instructed not to use analgesics, heat therapy, or other nonpharmacological pain-relief methods during this period.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Visual Analogue Scale Pain Score
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
Menstrual pain intensity was assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicated no pain and 10 indicated the worst imaginable pain. Higher scores indicated greater pain intensity.
Baseline, immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Present Pain Intensity Score
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
Present pain intensity was assessed using the Present Pain Intensity component of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
Sensory Pain Rating Index Score
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
The sensory dimension of pain was assessed using the 11 sensory descriptors of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Each descriptor is rated from 0 to 3. Total sensory scores range from 0 to 33, with higher scores indicating greater sensory pain.
Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
Affective Pain Rating Index Score
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
The affective dimension of pain was assessed using the four affective descriptors of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Each descriptor is rated from 0 to 3. Total affective scores range from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater affective pain.
Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
Total Pain Rating Index Score
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention
The total Pain Rating Index was calculated by summing the sensory and affective descriptor scores of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 45, with higher scores indicating greater pain.
Immediately after the 20-minute intervention, 1 hour after the intervention, and 2 hours after the intervention

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

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Sponsor

Medewerkers

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

1 september 2025

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

22 mei 2026

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

22 mei 2026

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

21 juli 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

21 juli 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

24 juli 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

24 juli 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

21 juli 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juli 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • SDilek14
  • 1919B012414230 (Ander subsidie-/financieringsnummer: TUBITAK)

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Beschrijving IPD-plan

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available because data sharing was not included in the participant consent process.

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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