Prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mehrbanoo Amirshahi, Niaz Behnamfar, Mahin Badakhsh, Hosein Rafiemanesh, Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie, Mahmood Sheyback, Mahdeh Sari, Mehrbanoo Amirshahi, Niaz Behnamfar, Mahin Badakhsh, Hosein Rafiemanesh, Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie, Mahmood Sheyback, Mahdeh Sari

Abstract

Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a daily phenomenon, to which less attention has been paid in a variety of surgeries. Despite the individual studies, there is no comprehensive study on the prevalence of PONV. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of PONV.

Materials and methods: In this systematic and meta-analysis study, descriptive studies of four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant texts from the time they were created until 31 December 2018. The random effects model was used for meta-analysis of studies included. All the steps were carried out by two individuals. Hoy et al.'s tool was used to evaluate its risk bias.

Results: A total of 23 studies that were performed on 22,683 people from 11 countries were entered into the final phase. The prevalence of PONV, nausea, and vomiting was 27.7%, 31.4%, and 16.8%, respectively. The prevalence of PONV was higher during the first 24 h in European countries.

Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of PONV and our goal to better control it, it is necessary to use high cost-effective approaches and recommendations and to educate health caregivers and patients.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; postoperative nausea and vomiting; prevalence; surgery complications.

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Copyright: © 2020 Saudi Journal of Anesthesia.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of study selection
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot and pooled analyses of nausea and vomiting prevalence after surgery worldwide
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot, pooled analyses, and subgroup analyses by continents for estimation of PONV prevalence after surgery worldwide
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot, pooled analyses, and subgroup analyses by type of surgery for estimation of PONV prevalence after surgery worldwide
Figure 5
Figure 5
Meta-regression between prevalence of PONV and year of study publication, total and sex ratio sample size, and mean age of participants worldwide

References

    1. Dolin S, Cashman J, Bland J. Effectiveness of acute postoperative pain management: I. Evidence from published data. Br J Anaesth. 2002;89:409–23.
    1. Becker DE. Nausea, vomiting, and hiccups: A review of mechanisms and treatment. Anesth Prog. 2010;57:150–7.
    1. Apfel C, Heidrich F, Jukar-Rao S, Jalota L, Hornuss C, Whelan RP, et al. Evidence-based analysis of risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Br J Anaesth. 2012;109:742–53.
    1. Gan TJ, Meyer TA, Apfel CC, Chung F, Davis PJ, Habib AS, et al. Society for ambulatory anesthesia guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:1615–28.
    1. Kovac AL. Update on the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Drugs. 2013;73:1525–47.
    1. Apfel CC, Läärä E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999;91:693–700.
    1. Eberhart L, Högel J, Seeling W, Staack A, Geldner G, Georgieff M. Evaluation of three risk scores to predict postoperative nausea and vomiting. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2000;44:480–8.
    1. Scuderi PE, Conlay LA. Postoperative nausea and vomiting and outcome. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2003;41:165–74.
    1. Stadler M, Bardiau F, Seidel L, Albert A, Boogaerts JG. Difference in risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:46–52.
    1. Toprak V, Keles G, Kaygisiz Z, Tok D. Subcutaneous emphysema following severe vomiting after emerging from general anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2004;48:917–8.
    1. Wu CL, Naqibuddin M, Rowlingson AJ, Lietman SA, Jermyn RM, Fleisher LA. The effect of pain on health-related quality of life in the immediate postoperative period. Anesth Analg. 2003;97:1078–85.
    1. Le TP, Gan TJ. Update on the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting and postdischarge nausea and vomiting in ambulatory surgery. Anesthesiol Clin. 2010;28:225–49.
    1. Odom-Forren J, Fetzer SJ, Moser DK. Evidence-based interventions for post discharge nausea and vomiting: A review of the literature. J Perianesth Nurs. 2006;21:411–30.
    1. Watcha MF. The cost-effective management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesiology. 2000;92:931–3.
    1. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000097.
    1. McGowan J, Sampson M, Salzwedel DM, Cogo E, Foerster V, Lefebvre C. PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;75:40–6.
    1. Hoy D, Brooks P, Woolf A, Blyth F, March L, Bain C, et al. Assessing risk of bias in prevalence studies: Modification of an existing tool and evidence of interrater agreement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2012;65:934–9.
    1. Kovac AL. Prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Drugs. 2000;59:213–43.
    1. Gan TJ. Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:1884–98.
    1. Öbrink E, Jildenstål P, Oddby E, Jakobsson JG. Post-operative nausea and vomiting: Update on predicting the probability and ways to minimize its occurrence, with focus on ambulatory surgery. Int J Surg. 2015;15:100–6.
    1. Apfel CC, Philip BK, Cakmakkaya OS, Shilling A, Shi YY, Leslie JB, et al. Who is at risk for postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery? Anesthesiology. 2012;117:475–86.
    1. Horn CC, Wallisch WJ, Homanics GE, Williams JP. Pathophysiological and neurochemical mechanisms of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Eur J Pharmacol. 2014;722:55–66.
    1. Adamek S, Matouskova O, Polanecky O, Svetlik S, Skorepa J, Snajdauf M. The effect of postoperative pain treatment on the incidence of anastomotic insufficiency after rectal and rectosigmoideal surgery. Prague Med Rep. 2013;114:214–21.
    1. Bradshaw WA, Gregory BC, Finley CR, Ross A, Wilds T, Still M, et al. Frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic foregut surgery. Surg Endosc. 2002;16:777–80.
    1. Choi JB, Shim YH, Lee YW, Lee JS, Choi JR, Chang CH. Incidence and risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with fentanyl-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia and single antiemetic prophylaxis. Yonsei Med J. 2014;55:1430–5.
    1. Conti D, Ballo P, Boccalini R, Boccherini A, Cantini S, Venni A, et al. The effect of patient sex on the incidence of early adverse effects in a population of elderly patients. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2014;42:455–9.
    1. Doubravska L, Dostalova K, Fritscherova S, Zapletalova J, Adamus M. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients at a university hospital. Where are we today? Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2010;154:69–76.
    1. East JM, Mitchell DI. Emergency open cholecystectomy is associated with markedly lower incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) than elective open cholecystectomy: A retrospective cohort study. BMC Surg. 2010;10:6.
    1. Habib AS, Chen YT, Taguchi A, Henry Hu X, Gan TJ. Postoperative nausea and vomiting following inpatient surgeries in a teaching hospital: A retrospective database analysis. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006;22:1093–9.
    1. Hara R, Hirota K, Sato M, Tanabe H, Yazawa T, Habara T, et al. The impact of remifentanil on incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a university hospital-based ambulatory surgery center: A retrospective observation study. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2013;65:142–6.
    1. Hijazi EM, Edwan H, Al-Zoubi N, Radaideh H. Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting After Fast-Track Anaesthesia for Heart Surgery. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2018;33:371–5.
    1. Latz B, Mordhorst C, Kerz T, Schmidt A, Schneider A, Wisser G, et al. Postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients after craniotomy: Incidence and risk factors. J Neurosurg. 2011;114:491–6.
    1. Lee J, Faraoni D, Lee S, Brown M, Odegard K, Randolph A, et al. Incidence and risk factors for postoperative vomiting following atrial septal defect repair in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2016;26:644–8.
    1. Maddali MM, Mathew J, Fahr J, Zarroug AW. A prospective study of incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in a tertiary care hospital in Oman. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2003;17:131–41.
    1. Moreno C, Veiga D, Pereira H, Martinho C, Abelha F. Postoperative nausea and vomiting: Incidence, characteristics and risk factors – A prospective cohort study. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2013;60:249–56.
    1. Morino R, Ozaki M, Nagata O, Yokota M. Incidence of and risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting at a Japanese Cancer Center: First large-scale study in Japan. J Anesth. 2013;27:18–24.
    1. Odom-Forren J, Jalota L, Moser DK, Lennie TA, Hall LA, Holtman J, et al. Incidence and predictors of postdischarge nausea and vomiting in a 7-day population. J Clin Anesth. 2013;25:551–9.
    1. Oh A, Kim J, Hwang J, Do S, Jeon Y. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after paediatric strabismus surgery with sevoflurane or remifentanil–sevoflurane. Br J Anaesth. 2010;104:756–60.
    1. Phillips C, Brookes CD, Rich J, Arbon J, Turvey T. Postoperative nausea and vomiting following orthognathic surgery. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44:745–51.
    1. Silva AC, O'Ryan F, Poor DB. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after orthognathic surgery: A retrospective study and literature review. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006;64:1385–97.
    1. Villeret I, Laffon M, Duchalais A, Blond M, Lecuyer A, Mercier C. Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomitingin paediatric ambulatory surgery. Pediatr Anesth. 2002;12:712–7.
    1. Wilson S, Meyer H, Fecho K. Postoperative nausea and vomiting after inpatient and outpatient breast surgery: Incidence and effects of midazolam. Ambul Surg. 2009;15:1–19.
    1. Won YJ, Yoo JY, Chae YJ, Kim DH, Park SK, Cho HB, et al. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after thyroidectomy using three anaesthetic techniques. J Int Med Res. 2011;39:1834–42.
    1. Yi MS, Kang H, Kim MK, Choi GJ, Park YH, Baek CW, et al. Relationship between the incidence and risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia. Asian J Surg. 2018;41:301–6.
    1. Yoo JY, Chae YJ, Cho HB, Park KH, Kim JS, Lee SY. Comparison of the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting between women undergoing open or robot-assisted thyroidectomy. Surg Endosc. 2013;27:1321–5.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors en medewerkers

Medische omstandigheden

Geneesmiddelinterventies

3
Abonneren