Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes
Gary D Wu, Jun Chen, Christian Hoffmann, Kyle Bittinger, Ying-Yu Chen, Sue A Keilbaugh, Meenakshi Bewtra, Dan Knights, William A Walters, Rob Knight, Rohini Sinha, Erin Gilroy, Kernika Gupta, Robert Baldassano, Lisa Nessel, Hongzhe Li, Frederic D Bushman, James D Lewis, Gary D Wu, Jun Chen, Christian Hoffmann, Kyle Bittinger, Ying-Yu Chen, Sue A Keilbaugh, Meenakshi Bewtra, Dan Knights, William A Walters, Rob Knight, Rohini Sinha, Erin Gilroy, Kernika Gupta, Robert Baldassano, Lisa Nessel, Hongzhe Li, Frederic D Bushman, James D Lewis
Abstract
Diet strongly affects human health, partly by modulating gut microbiome composition. We used diet inventories and 16S rDNA sequencing to characterize fecal samples from 98 individuals. Fecal communities clustered into enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet, but that enterotype identity remained stable during the 10-day study. Thus, alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet.
Figures
References
- Hooper LV, Gordon JI. Science. 2001;292:1115.
- Emminger A, Kahmann E, Savage DS. Cancer Lett. 1977;2:273.
- Gill SR, et al. Science. 2006;312:1355.
- Arumugam M, et al. Nature. 2011;473:174.
- Wu GD, et al. BMC Microbiol. 2010;10:206.
- Margulies M, et al. Nature. 2005;437:376.
See supporting material on Science Online.
- Lozupone C, Hamady M, Knight R. BMC Bioinformatics. 2006;7:371.
- McArdle BH, Anderson MJ. Ecology. 2001;82:290.
- Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Nature. 2006;444:1022.
- Kanehisa M, Goto S, Kawashima S, Okuno Y, Hattori M. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004;32(database issue):D277.
- Rousseeuw PJ. J Comput Appl Math. 1987;20:53.
- De Filippo C, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107:14691.
Source: PubMed