Baseline Oral 5-ASA Use and Efficacy and Safety of Budesonide Foam in Patients with Ulcerative Proctitis and Ulcerative Proctosigmoiditis: Analysis of 2 Phase 3 Studies

Brian P Bosworth, William J Sandborn, David T Rubin, Joseph R Harper, Brian P Bosworth, William J Sandborn, David T Rubin, Joseph R Harper

Abstract

Background: Rectal budesonide foam is a second-generation corticosteroid efficacious for active mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. This subgroup analysis examined the impact of baseline oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) on the efficacy and safety of budesonide foam in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis.

Methods: Patients received budesonide foam 2 mg/25 mL twice daily for 2 weeks, then once daily for 4 weeks, or placebo, with or without continued stable dosing of baseline oral 5-ASAs, for remission induction at week 6 (primary endpoint) in 2 identically designed, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 studies.

Results: Of the 267 and 279 patients randomized to treatment with budesonide foam or placebo (pooled population), 55.1% and 55.2%, respectively, reported baseline 5-ASA use. A significantly greater percentage of patients achieved remission with budesonide foam versus placebo, either with (42.2% versus 31.8%, respectively; P = 0.03) or without (40.0% versus 14.4%; P < 0.0001) baseline 5-ASA use at week 6. A significantly greater percentage of patients achieved a Modified Mayo Disease Activity Index rectal bleeding subscale score of 0 at week 6, regardless of baseline 5-ASA use (5-ASA, 50.3% versus 35.7%; P = 0.003: no 5-ASA, 45.8% versus 19.2%; P < 0.0001). The frequency of adverse events was comparable between groups, regardless of baseline 5-ASA use.

Conclusions: Budesonide foam was efficacious and safe for induction of remission of mild to moderate ulcerative proctitis and ulcerative proctosigmoiditis in patients receiving oral 5-ASA at baseline and those who were not (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01008410 and NCT01008423).

Figures

FIGURE 1.
FIGURE 1.
Study design. b.i.d., twice daily; EOS, end of study; EOT, end of trial; q.d., once daily; R, randomization.
FIGURE 2.
FIGURE 2.
Patients achieving primary and key secondary outcome measures at week 6.

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