Longitudinal associations between sports participation, body composition and physical activity from childhood to adolescence

Laura Basterfield, Jessica K Reilly, Mark S Pearce, Kathryn N Parkinson, Ashley J Adamson, John J Reilly, Stewart A Vella, Laura Basterfield, Jessica K Reilly, Mark S Pearce, Kathryn N Parkinson, Ashley J Adamson, John J Reilly, Stewart A Vella

Abstract

Objectives: Several important research questions have been addressed: (1) What are the cross-sectional associations between sports club participation, objectively measured physical activity, and adiposity? (2) Do measures of physical activity and adiposity predict subsequent sports club participation? (3) Does sports club participation predict subsequent measures of physical activity and adiposity? and (4) Do changes in sports club participation predict changes in objective measures of physical activity and adiposity?

Design: Longitudinal and cross-sectional.

Methods: Data from the Gateshead Millennium Study birth cohort (n=609 at age 7 years) were analysed for associations between adiposity, sports club participation and accelerometer-measured physical activity from ages 7y to 9y to 12y.

Results: Seventy-two per cent of 9 year olds and 63% of 12 year olds took part in a sports club. Sports club participation was significantly associated with overall accelerometer-measured physical activity at 12y (coefficient=0.0.09; 95% CI: 0.01-0.16) but not 9y. An inverse relationship between fat mass (estimated from bioelectric impedance) and sport club participation, and between fat mass and accelerometer-measured physical activity was observed at 12y, but not 9y. Sports club participation at 9y was highly predictive of participation at 12y. Sports club participation was significantly associated with socioeconomic status; fewer children from poorer areas took part.

Conclusions: Sports club participation in adolescence may be associated with decreased levels of adiposity. Furthermore, the potential benefits of sports club participation for adiposity are likely generated from continuous participation in sports, rather than any long-term protective effects.

Keywords: Body composition; Children; Physical activity; Sports.

Copyright © 2014 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

References

    1. Dietz W.H., Robinson T.N. Overweight children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:2100–2109.
    1. Global Advocacy for Physical Activity (GAPA) the Advocacy Council of the International Society for Physical Activity and Health (ISPAH) NCD prevention: investments that work for physical activity. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46:709–712.
    1. Nelson T.F., Stovitz S.D., Thomas M., et al. Do youth sports prevent pediatric obesity? A systematic review and commentary. Curr Sport Med Rep. 2011;10:360–370.
    1. Dietz W.H., Bellizzi M.C. Introduction: the use of body mass index to assess obesity in children. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:123S–125S.
    1. Ode J.J., Pivarnik J.M., Reeves M.J., et al. Body mass index as a predictor of percent fat in college athletes and nonathletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39:403–409.
    1. Dumith S.C., Gigante D.P., Domingues M.R., et al. Predictors of physical activity change during adolescence: a 3.5-year follow-up. Public Health Nutr. 2012;15:2237–2245.
    1. Bauman A.E., Reis R.S., Sallis J.F., et al. Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? Lancet. 2012;380:258–271.
    1. Parkinson K.N., Pearce M.S., Dale A., et al. Cohort profile: the Gateshead Millennium Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;40:308–317.
    1. Cole T., Freeman J., Preece M. Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child. 1995;73:25–29.
    1. Wells J.C.K., Cole T.J. Adjustment of fat-free mass and fat mass for height in children aged 8 y. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002;26:947–952.
    1. Basterfield L., Pearce M.S., Adamson A.J., et al. Effect of choice of outcome measure on studies of the etiology of obesity in children. Ann Epidemiol. 2012;22:888–891.
    1. Lohman T. Assessment of body composition in children. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1989;1:19–30.
    1. Haroun D., Taylor S.J.C., Viner R.M., et al. Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis in adolescents across different ethnic groups. Obesity. 2010;18:1252–1259.
    1. Basterfield L., Adamson A.J., Pearce M.S., et al. Stability of habitual physical activity and sedentary behavior monitoring by accelerometry in 6–8 year olds. J Phys Act Health. 2011;8:543–547.
    1. Puyau M.R., Adolph A.L., Vohra F.A., et al. Validation and calibration of physical activity monitors in children. Obes Res. 2002;10:150–157.
    1. Atkin A.J., Ekelund U., Moller N.C., et al. Sedentary time in children: influence of accelerometer processing on health relations. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45:1097–1104.
    1. Reilly J.J., Coyle J., Kelly L., et al. An objective method for measurement of sedentary behavior in 3- to 4-year olds. Obes Res. 2003;11:1155–1158.
    1. Corder K., Brage S., Ramachandran A., et al. Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents. J Sports Sci. 2007;25:1607–1611.
    1. Godin G., Shepherd R.J. A simple method to assess exercise behavior in the community. Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1985;10:141–146.
    1. Townsend P., Phillimore P., Beattie A. Croom Helm; London: 1988. Health and Deprivation Inequality in the North.
    1. Khan K.M., Thompson A.M., Blair S.N., et al. Sport and exercise as contributors to the health of nations. Lancet. 2012;380:59–64.
    1. Mitchell J.A., Pate R.R., España-Romero V., et al. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with decreases in body mass index from ages 9 to 15 years. Obesity. 2013;21:E280–E286.
    1. Hughes A.R., Sherriff A., Lawlor D.A., et al. Incidence of obesity during childhood and adolescence in a large contemporary cohort. Prev Med. 2011;52:300–304.
    1. Dowda M., Ainsworth B.E., Addy C.L., et al. Environmental influences, physical activity, and weight status in 8- to 16-year-olds. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001;155:711–717.
    1. BeLue R., Francis L.A., Rollins B., et al. One size does not fit all: identifying risk profiles for overweight in adolescent population subsets. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45:517–524.
    1. Hedstrom R., Gould D. Institute for the Study of Youth Sports; Kansas, Missouri: 2004. Research in Youth Sports: Critical Issues Status.
    1. Kristensen P.L., Moller N.C., Korsholm L., et al. Tracking of objectively measured physical activity from childhood to adolescence: the European youth heart study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2008;18:171–178.
    1. Hughes A.R., Sherriff A., Lawlor D.A., et al. Timing of excess weight gain in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) Pediatrics. 2011;127:e730–e736.
    1. Department for Culture Media & Sport . DCMS; London: 2013. Taking Part October 2011 to September 2012: Supplementary Child Report.
    1. Ekelund U., Luan J., Sherar L.B., et al. Moderate to vigorous physical activity and sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. JAMA. 2012;307:704–712.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors en medewerkers

Medische omstandigheden

Geneesmiddelinterventies

3
Abonneren