Driver genes in non-small cell lung cancer: Characteristics, detection methods, and targeted therapies

Qing-Ge Zhu, Shi-Ming Zhang, Xiao-Xiao Ding, Bing He, Hu-Qin Zhang, Qing-Ge Zhu, Shi-Ming Zhang, Xiao-Xiao Ding, Bing He, Hu-Qin Zhang

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in the world. The large number of lung cancer cases is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which approximately accounting for 75% of lung cancer. Over the past years, our comprehensive knowledge about the molecular biology of NSCLC has been rapidly enriching, which has promoted the discovery of driver genes in NSCLC and directed FDA-approved targeted therapies. Of course, the targeted therapies based on driver genes provide a more exact option for advanced non-small cell lung cancer, improving the survival rate of patients. Now, we will review the landscape of driver genes in NSCLC including the characteristics, detection methods, the application of target therapy and challenges.

Keywords: characteristics; detection methods; driver genes; non-small cell lung cancer; targeted therapies.

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST There are no potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1. Several RTK subgroups
Figure 1. Several RTK subgroups
(A) EGF receptor EGF, HER2 encode the proteins belonging to EGF receptor; (B) IGF-1 receptor ALK, ROS1 encode the proteins belonging to IGF-1 receptor; (C) PDGF receptor PDGFRA encode the proteins belonging to PDGF receptor; (D) FGF receptor FGF encodes the protein belonging to FGF receptor.
Figure 2. Pathways mediated by RTKs
Figure 2. Pathways mediated by RTKs

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Source: PubMed

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