Reducing eating disorder onset in a very high risk sample with significant comorbid depression: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: Eating disorders (EDs) are serious problems among college-age women and may be preventable. An indicated online eating disorder (ED) intervention, designed to reduce ED and comorbid pathology, was evaluated.

Method: 206 women (M age = 20 ± 1.8 years; 51% White/Caucasian, 11% African American, 10% Hispanic, 21% Asian/Asian American, 7% other) at very high risk for ED onset (i.e., with high weight/shape concerns plus a history of being teased, current or lifetime depression, and/or nonclinical levels of compensatory behaviors) were randomized to a 10-week, Internet-based, cognitive-behavioral intervention or waitlist control. Assessments included the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE, to assess ED onset), EDE-Questionnaire, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders, and Beck Depression Inventory-II.

Results: ED attitudes and behaviors improved more in the intervention than control group (p = .02, d = 0.31); although ED onset rate was 27% lower, this difference was not significant (p = .28, NNT = 15). In the subgroup with highest shape concerns, ED onset rate was significantly lower in the intervention than control group (20% vs. 42%, p = .025, NNT = 5). For the 27 individuals with depression at baseline, depressive symptomatology improved more in the intervention than control group (p = .016, d = 0.96); although ED onset rate was lower in the intervention than control group, this difference was not significant (25% vs. 57%, NNT = 4).

Conclusions: An inexpensive, easily disseminated intervention might reduce ED onset among those at highest risk. Low adoption rates need to be addressed in future research.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00934583.

(c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).

Figures

Figure 1. CONSORT Diagram for a Study Evaluating the Efficacy of an Online Intervention to Prevent the Onset of EDs among College-Age Women Compared to a Wait List Control

Figure 2. Survivalas a Non-eating Disorder Case for Participants in the Intervention vs Control Condition Through 2 Years

Figure 3. Survival as a Non-Eating Disorder Case for Participants at Very High Risk of Eating Disorders (56% of the Sample) in the Intervention vs Control Condition Through 2 Years