Allium sativum extract as an irrigant in pulpectomy of primary molars: A 12-month short-term evaluation

Ahmad Abdel Hamid Elheeny, Ahmad Abdel Hamid Elheeny

Abstract

This study indented to assess the clinical and radiographic assessment of Allium sativum extract as an intracanal irrigant for pulpectomy of primary molars. Ninety children with 110 teeth submitted were categorized into two groups. Clinical and radiographic success rates were checked at 3, 6, and 12 months. Qui-square test at a level of significance was ˂0.05. There was no statistically significant difference (p ˂ .05) between the two groups that has not been detected clinically or radiographically. Clinical and radiographic success rates of garlic extract at 3 months were (80% and 72.7%), which declined at 6 and 12 months to be 76.4% 6 and 74.5% respectively. For NaOCl group, clinical and radiographic success rates were 87.3% and 85.5% at 3 months, 87.3% and 87.3% at 6 months and 89.1% and 87.3% at 12 months. A. sativum extract can be used efficiently as an irrigant for pulpectomy of primary molar root canals.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03795636.

Keywords: garlic extract; primary molars; pulpectomy; sodium hypochlorite.

Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Periapical radiographs show successful pulpectomy of Allium sativum extract and sodium hypochlorite in the lower right second primary molars

References

    1. Ankri, S. , & Mirelman, D. (1999). Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic. Microbes and Infection, 1(2), 125–129. 10.1016/S1286-4579(99)80003-3
    1. Arikan, V. , Sonmez, H. , & Sari, S. (2016). Comparison of two base materials regarding their effect on root canal treatment success in primary molars with furcation lesions. BioMed Research International, 2016, 1429286.
    1. Barberia, E. , Lucavechi, T. , Cardenas, D. , & Maroto, M. (2006). Free‐end space maintainers: Design, utilization and advantages. The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 31(1), 5–8.
    1. Barcelos, R. , Santos, M. P. , Primo, L. G. , Luiz, R. R. , & Maia, L. C. (2011). ZOE paste pulpectomies outcome in primary teeth: A systematic review. The Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 35(3), 241–248. 10.17796/jcpd.35.3.y777187463255n34
    1. Barcelos, R. , Tannure, P. N. , Gleiser, R. , Luiz, R. R. , & Primo, L. G. (2012). The influence of smear layer removal on primary tooth pulpectomy outcome: A 24‐month, double‐blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial evaluation. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 22(5), 369–381. 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2011.01210.x
    1. Baser Can, E. D. , Karapinar Kazandag, M. , & Kaptan, R. F. (2015). Inadvertent apical extrusion of sodium hypochlorite with evaluation by dental volumetric tomography. Case Reports Dentistry, 2015, 247547.
    1. Brustolin, J. P. , Mariath, A. A. , Ardenghi, T. M. , & Casagrande, L. (2017). Survival and factors associated with failure of pulpectomies performed in primary teeth by dental students. Brazilian Dental Journal, 28(1), 121–128. 10.1590/0103-6440201601009
    1. Camp, J. H. (2008). Diagnosis dilemmas in vital pulp therapy: Treatment for the toothache is changing, especially in young, immature teeth. Pediatric Dentistry, 30(3), 197–205.
    1. Charan, J. , & Biswas, T. (2013). How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research? Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 121–126. 10.4103/0253-7176.116232
    1. Chen, X. , Liu, X. , & Zhong, J. (2017). Clinical and radiographic evaluation of pulpectomy in primary teeth: A 18‐months clinical randomized controlled trial. Head & Face Medicine, 13(1), 12 10.1186/s13005-017-0145-1
    1. Coll, J. A. , Josell, S. , & Casper, J. S. (1985). Evaluation of a one‐appointment formocresol pulpectomy technique for primary molars. Pediatric Dentistry, 7(2), 123–129.
    1. Coll, J. A. , & Sadrian, R. (1996). Predicting pulpectomy success and its relationship to exfoliation and succedaneous dentition. Pediatric Dentistry, 18(1), 57–63.
    1. da Silva, T. M. , Alves, F. R. , Lutterbach, M. T. , Paiva, M. M. , & Ferreira, D. C. (2018). Comparison of antibacterial activity of alexidine alone or as a final irrigant with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine. BDJ Open, 4, 18003 10.1038/bdjopen.2018.3
    1. Dentistry AAoP (2009). Guideline on pulp therapy for primary and immature permanent teeth. Pediatric Dentistry, 31, 179–186.
    1. Dube, K. , & Jain, P. (2018). Electrolyzed saline… An alternative to sodium hypochlorite for root canal irrigation. Clujul Med, 91(3), 322–327. 10.15386/cjmed-863
    1. Duggal, M. S. , Nooh, A. , & High, A. (2002). Response of the primary pulp to inflammation: A review of the Leeds studies and challenges for the future. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 3(3), 111–114.
    1. Eswar, K. , Venkateshbabu, N. , Rajeswari, K. , & Kandaswamy, D. (2013). Dentinal tubule disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine, garlic extract, and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction: In vitro study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 16(3), 194–198. 10.4103/0972-0707.111312
    1. Farooq, N. S. , Coll, J. A. , Kuwabara, A. , & Shelton, P. (2000). Success rates of formocresol pulpotomy and indirect pulp therapy in the treatment of deep dentinal caries in primary teeth. Pediatric Dentistry, 22(4), 278–286.
    1. Feldberg, R. S. , Chang, S. C. , Kotik, A. N. , Nadler, M. , Neuwirth, Z. , Sundstrom, D. C. , & Thompson, N. H. (1988). In vitro mechanism of inhibition of bacterial cell growth by allicin. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 32(12), 1763–1768. 10.1128/AAC.32.12.1763
    1. Fouad, A. F. (2011). The microbial challenge to pulp regeneration. Advances in Dental Research, 23(3), 285–289. 10.1177/0022034511405388
    1. Goerig, A. , & Camp, J. (1983). Root canal treatment in primary teeth: A review. Pediatric Dentistry, 5(1), 33–37.
    1. Hugar, S. , P, M. P. , Nagmoti, J. , Uppin, C. , Mistry, L. , & Dhariwal, N. (2017). An in vitro comparative evaluation of efficacy of disinfecting ability of garlic oil, neem oil, clove oil, and tulsi oil with autoclaving on endodontic K files tested against Enterococcus faecalis . International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 10(3), 283–288. 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1451
    1. Hulsmann, M. , & Hahn, W. (2000). Complications during root canal irrigation—Literature review and case reports. International Endodontic Journal, 33(3), 186–193. 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00303.x
    1. Ibricevic, H. , & Al‐Jame, Q. (2003). Ferric sulphate and formocresol in pulpotomy of primary molars: Long term follow‐up study. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 4(1), 28–32.
    1. Ingle : Ingle's Endodontic 6. 2008.
    1. Kandaswamy, D. , & Venkateshbabu, N. (2010). Root canal irrigants. Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 13(4), 256–264. 10.4103/0972-0707.73378
    1. Khan, L. , Paulino, E. G. M. , Lim, D. , Nadela, F. , Yadav, R. , & Birring, O. J. S. (2014). Anti‐microbial efficacy of Allium sativum against Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on orthodontic mini‐implants. Journal of Orthodontic Research, 2(3), 129 10.4103/2321-3825.140683
    1. Kumar, T. , Dhillon, J. S. , Gill, G. S. , Singla, R. , Rani, S. , & Dhillon, M. (2018). An in vitro comparison of the antimicrobial efficacy of positive pressure and negative pressure irrigation techniques in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis . Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 21(4), 438–442. 10.4103/JCD.JCD_328_17
    1. Mello, I. , Kammerer, B. A. , Yoshimoto, D. , Macedo, M. C. , & Antoniazzi, J. H. (2010). Influence of final rinse technique on ability of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid of removing smear layer. Journal of Endodontia, 36(3), 512–514. 10.1016/j.joen.2009.11.004
    1. Mortazavi, M. , & Mesbahi, M. (2004). Comparison of zinc oxide and eugenol, and Vitapex for root canal treatment of necrotic primary teeth. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 14(6), 417–424. 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2004.00544.x
    1. Nara, A. , Dhanu, C. P. , & Anandakrishna, L. (2010). Dhananjaya: Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of MTAD, 3% NaOCI and propolis against E faecalis . International Journal Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 3(1), 21–25. 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1049
    1. Pandranki, J. , Vanga, N. R. , & Chandrabhatla, S. K. (2018). Zinc oxide eugenol and Endoflas pulpectomy in primary molars: 24‐month clinical and radiographic evaluation. Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 36(2), 173–180. 10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_1179_17
    1. Pashley, D. H. , Michelich, V. , & Kehl, T. (1981). Dentin permeability: Effects of smear layer removal. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 46(5), 531–537. 10.1016/0022-3913(81)90243-2
    1. Pazelli, L. C. , Freitas, A. C. , Ito, I. Y. , Souza‐Gugelmin, M. C. , Medeiros, A. S. , & Nelson‐Filho, P. (2003). Prevalence of microorganisms in root canals of human deciduous teeth with necrotic pulp and chronic periapical lesions. Pesquisa Odontológica Brasileira, 17(4), 367–371. 10.1590/S1517-74912003000400013
    1. Pozos‐Guillen, A. , Garcia‐Flores, A. , Esparza‐Villalpando, V. , & Garrocho‐Rangel, A. (2016). Intracanal irrigants for pulpectomy in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 26(6), 412–425. 10.1111/ipd.12228
    1. Prabhakaran, P. , & Mariswamy, A. B. (2018). A scanning electron microscope evaluation of efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and Allium sativum in smear layer removal in root canals with the use of modified evacuation system: An ex vivo study. Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 21(4), 401–407. 10.4103/JCD.JCD_373_16
    1. Primosch, R. E. , Ahmadi, A. , Setzer, B. , & Guelmann, M. (2005). A retrospective assessment of zinc oxide‐eugenol pulpectomies in vital maxillary primary incisors successfully restored with composite resin crowns. Pediatric Dentistry, 27(6), 470–477.
    1. Rocas, I. N. , & Siqueira, J. F. Jr. (2011). Comparison of the in vivo antimicrobial effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine used as root canal irrigants: A molecular microbiology study. Journal of Endodontia, 37(2), 143–150. 10.1016/j.joen.2010.11.006
    1. Serper, A. , Ozbek, M. , & Calt, S. (2004). Accidental sodium hypochlorite‐induced skin injury during endodontic treatment. Journal of Endodontia, 30(3), 180–181. 10.1097/00004770-200403000-00013
    1. Setia, V. , Pandit, I. K. , Srivastava, N. , Gugnani, N. , & Sekhon, H. K. (2013). Space maintainers in dentistry: Past to present. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 7(10), 2402–2405. 10.7860/JCDR/2013/6604.3539
    1. Singh, P. K. (2010). Root canal complications: ‘The hypochlorite accident’. SADJ, 65(9), 416–419.
    1. Teixeira, C. S. , Felippe, M. C. , & Felippe, W. T. (2005). The effect of application time of EDTA and NaOCl on intracanal smear layer removal: An SEM analysis. International Endodontic Journal, 38(5), 285–290. 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00930.x
    1. Trairatvorakul, C. , & Chunlasikaiwan, S. (2008). Success of pulpectomy with zinc oxide‐eugenol vs calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste in primary molars: A clinical study. Pediatric Dentistry, 30(4), 303–308.
    1. Tunison, W. , Flores‐Mir, C. , ElBadrawy, H. , Nassar, U. , & El‐Bialy, T. (2008). Dental arch space changes following premature loss of primary first molars: A systematic review. Pediatric Dentistry, 30(4), 297–302.
    1. Vianna, M. E. , Gomes, B. P. , Berber, V. B. , Zaia, A. A. , Ferraz, C. C. , & de Souza‐Filho, F. J. (2004). In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics, 97(1), 79–84. 10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00360-3
    1. Zehnder, M. (2006). Root canal irrigants. Journal of Endodontia, 32(5), 389–398. 10.1016/j.joen.2005.09.014

Source: PubMed

Sponsors en medewerkers

Medische omstandigheden

Geneesmiddelinterventies

3
Abonneren