Analysis of Helkimo index for temporomandibular disorder diagnosis in the dental students of Faridabad city: A cross-sectional study

Sapna Rani, Salil Pawah, Sunil Gola, Mansha Bakshi, Sapna Rani, Salil Pawah, Sunil Gola, Mansha Bakshi

Abstract

Aim and objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) by the use of Helkimo's index (anamnestic [Ai] and clinical dysfunction [Di] component) in the nonpatient population (dental students) of Faridabad college.

Settings and design: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among students of dental college for signs and symptoms of TMD and also clinical examination was done. The results were scored and according to scoring severity of TMD were assessed in the specified population.

Materials and methods: About 580 students were assessed for TMD by the use of Helkimo's index (Ai and Di component). Descriptive statistical analysis was done.

Results: Among the study group, 15% were found to have TMDs. Out of the affected students, 79% females and 21% males were having symptoms. Out of the signs and symptoms present, 7% students were found to have sound in temporomandibular joint followed by pain in 3% and fatigue in 2% of students. On clinical examination, limited mouth opening was found in 6% students followed by locked mandible in 1%, deviation of jaw in 0.6%, and jaw rigidity of mandible in 0.6% of individual.

Conclusion: To summarize, Helkimo index is a well-founded index to assess TMD in a specified population. Signs and symptoms of TMD were present among students although low prevalence of TMD was found in the students.

Keywords: Helkimo index; temporomandibular disorder; temporomandibular joint.

Figures

Graph 1
Graph 1
Distribution of patients according to gender
Graph 2
Graph 2
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders

References

    1. Okeson JP, editor. Etiology of functional disturbances in the masticatory system. In: Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion. 7th ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier; 2013.
    1. De Leeuw R, Klasser G, editors. Orofacial Pain: Guidelines for Assessment, Diagnosis, and Management. 5th ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co., Inc; 2013.
    1. Young AL. Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: A review of the anatomy, diagnosis, and management. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2015;15:2–7.
    1. Hegde V. A review of the disorders of temperomandibular joint. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2005;5:56–61.
    1. Helkimo M. Studies on function and dysfunction of the masticatory system. II. Index for anamnestic and clinical dysfunction and occlusal state. Sven Tandlak Tidskr. 1974;67:101–21.
    1. Dahlström L, Carlsson GE. Temporomandibular disorders and oral health-related quality of life. A systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand. 2010;68:80–5.
    1. Gopal KS, Shankar R, Vardhan HB. Prevalence of temporo-mandibular joint disorders in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients: A cross-sectional study. Int J Adv Sci. 2014;1:14–20.
    1. Gallo LM, Airoldi R, Ernst B, Palla S. Power spectral analysis of temporomandibular joint sounds in asymptomatic subjects. J Dent Res. 1993;72:871–5.
    1. Lima DR, Brunetti RF, Oliveira W. Study of the prevalence of craniomandibular dysfunction using Helkimo's index and having as variables sex, age and whether the subjects had or had not been treated orthodonticaly. Pós Grad Rev Fac Odontol São José Dos Campos. 1999;2:127–33.
    1. Hegde S, Mahadev R, Ganapathy KS, Patil AB. Prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in dental students. J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol. 2011;23:316–9.
    1. da Cunha SC, Nogueira RV, Duarte AP, Vasconcelos BC, Almeida Rde A. Analysis of helkimo and craniomandibular indexes for temporomandibular disorder diagnosis on rheumatoid arthritis patients. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2007;73:19–26.
    1. Mutlu N, Herken H, Guray E, Oz F, Kalayaci A. Evaluation of the prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorder syndrome in dental school students with psychometric analysis. Turk J Med Sci. 2002;32:345–50.
    1. Modi P, Shaikh SS, Munde A. A cross sectional study of prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in university students. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2012;2:1–3.
    1. Casanova-Rosado JF, Medina-Solís CE, Vallejos-Sánchez AA, Casanova-Rosado AJ, Hernández-Prado B, Avila-Burgos L. Prevalence and associated factors for temporomandibular disorders in a group of Mexican adolescents and youth adults. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10:42–9.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors en medewerkers

Medische omstandigheden

Geneesmiddelinterventies

3
Abonneren