The Efficacy of MAG-DHA for Correcting AA/DHA Imbalance of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Caroline Morin, André M Cantin, Félix-Antoine Vézina, Samuel Fortin, Caroline Morin, André M Cantin, Félix-Antoine Vézina, Samuel Fortin

Abstract

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementations are thought to improve essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) as well as reduce inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis (CF), but their effectiveness in clinical studies remains unknown. The aim of the study was to determine how the medical food containing docosahexaenoic acid monoglyceride (MAG-DHA) influenced erythrocyte fatty acid profiles and the expression levels of inflammatory circulating mediators. We conducted a randomized, double blind, pilot trial including fifteen outpatients with Cystic Fibrosis, ages 18⁻48. The patients were divided into 2 groups and received MAG-DHA or a placebo (sunflower oil) for 60 days. Patients took 8 × 625 mg MAG-DHA softgels or 8 × 625 mg placebo softgels every day at bedtime for 60 days. Lipid analyses revealed that MAG-DHA increased docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and decrease arachidonic acid (AA) ratio (AA/DHA) in erythrocytes of CF patients following 1 month of daily supplementation. Data also revealed a reduction in plasma human leukocyte elastase (pHLE) complexes and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression levels in blood samples of MAG-DHA supplemented CF patients. This pilot study indicates that MAG-DHA supplementation corrects erythrocyte AA/DHA imbalance and may exert anti-inflammatory properties through the reduction of pHLE complexes and IL6 in blood samples of CF patients.

Trial registration: Pro-resolving Effect of MAG-DHA in Cystic Fibrosis (PREMDIC), NCT02518672.

Keywords: DHA; EFAD; cystic fibrosis; inflammation; medical food.

Conflict of interest statement

Samuel Fortin is the owner of SCF Pharma, which has an exclusive worldwide license of the patented compositions and uses of MAG-DHA.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid sn1-monoacylglyceride (MAG-DHA) supplementation on lipid profile of erythrocytes in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients. (A) Quantitative analyses of relative DHA levels in erythrocytes (RBC) and (B) relative AA/DHA ratio in erythrocytes derived from healthy subjects (n = 6), CF patients of placebo group before (T0, n = 5) and after supplementation for 30 days (T30, n = 5) and 60 days (T60, n = 2), as well as from CF patients of MAG-DHA group before (T0, n = 6) and after supplementation for 30 days (T30, n = 6) and 60 days (T60, n = 3), * p < 0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of MAG-DHA on expression levels of alpha1 antitrypsin-deactivated human leukocyte elastase (pHLE) complexes in plasma of CF patients. (A) pHLE complex levels were assessed using a specific ELISA in plasma of healthy subjects (n = 6) and CF patients of placebo group before (n = 5) and after 30 (n = 5) and 60 days (n = 2) of supplementation. (B) pHLE complex levels in plasma of healthy subjects (n = 6) and CF patients of MAG-DHA group before (n = 6) and after 30 (n = 6) and 60 days (n = 3) of daily supplementation. (C) Bar graph displaying changes in pHLE levels after 30 days of placebo (n = 5) or MAG-DHA (n = 6) daily intake in CF patients. (D) Bar graph displaying changes in pHLE levels after 60 days of placebo (n = 2) or MAG-DHA (n = 3) supplementation CF patients. Results are expressed as means ± SEM, * p ≤ 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of MAG-DHA on expression levels of circulating IL-6 in CF patients. (A) IL-6 levels were assessed using specific ELISA in plasma of healthy subjects (n = 6) and CF patients of placebo group before (n = 5) and after 30 (n = 5) and 60 days (n = 2) of supplementation. (B) IL-6 levels in plasma of healthy subjects (n = 6) and CF patients of MAG-DHA group before (n = 6) and after 30 (n = 6) and 60 days (n = 3) of daily supplementation. (C) Bar graph displaying changes in IL-6 levels after 30 days of placebo (n = 5) or MAG-DHA (n = 6) daily intake in CF patients. (D) Bar graph displaying changes in IL-6 levels after 60 days of placebo (n = 2) or MAG-DHA (n = 3) supplementation CF patients. Results are expressed as means ± SEM, * p ≤ 0.05.

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