Brief report: Insight into illness and social attributional style in Asperger's syndrome

Nyaz Didehbani, Mujeeb U Shad, Michelle R Kandalaft, Tandra T Allen, Carol A Tamminga, Daniel C Krawczyk, Sandra B Chapman, Nyaz Didehbani, Mujeeb U Shad, Michelle R Kandalaft, Tandra T Allen, Carol A Tamminga, Daniel C Krawczyk, Sandra B Chapman

Abstract

A number of psychiatric illnesses have been recognized to have some level of insight deficits, including developmental disorders, such as Asperger's Syndrome (ASP). However insight into illness has not been empirically investigated in ASP and little research has examined how individuals with ASP view their deficits. This is the first study to assess insight and the relationship between insight and externalizing bias (EB) in ASP. Participants with ASP (n = 21) and healthy controls (n = 24) were recruited. Attributional style was assessed with the internal, personal, and situational attribution questionnaire. Insight was assessed with both a clinician-administered and a self-administered measure. Results revealed that EB was negatively correlated with insight as assessed with the clinician-administered but not the self-administered measure of insight.

References

    1. Amador XF, Flaum M, Andreasen NC, Strauss DH, Yale SA, Clark SC, et al. Awareness of illness in schizophrenia and schizoaffective and mood disorders. Archives General Psychiatry. 1994;51(10):826–836. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950100074007.
    1. Amador XF, Strauss DH, Yale SA, Flaum MM, Endicott J, Gorman JM. Assessment of insight in psychosis. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1993;150(6):873–879.
    1. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
    1. Berney T. Asperger syndrome from childhood to adulthood. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment. 2004;10:341–351. doi: 10.1192/apt.10.5.341.
    1. Birchwood M, Smith J, Drury V, Healy J, Macmillan F, Slade M. A self-report insight scale for psychosis: Reliability, validity, and sensitivity to change. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1994;89:62–67. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1994.tb01487.x.
    1. Carrington S, Templeton E, Papinczak T. Adolescents with Asperger syndrome and perceptions of friendship. Focus on Autism & Other Developmental Disabilities. 2003;18(4):211–218. doi: 10.1177/10883576030180040201.
    1. Cotton SM, Lambert M, Schimmelmann BG, Mackinnon A, Gleeson JFM, Berk M, Hides L, Chanen A, McGorry PD, Conus P. Depressive symptoms in first episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Schizophrenia Research. 2012;134(1):20–26. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2011.08.018.
    1. Drake RJ, Pickles A, Bentall RP, Kinderman P, Haddock G, Tarrier N, Lewis SW. The evolution of insight, paranoia and depression during early schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine. 2004;34:258–292. doi: 10.1017/S0033291703008821.
    1. Grant CM, Boucher J, Riggs KJ, Grayson A. Moral understanding in children with autism. Autism. 2005;9(3):317–331. doi: 10.1177/1362361305055418.
    1. Green J, Gilchrist A, Burton D, Cox A. Social and psychiatric functioning in adolescents with Asperger syndrome compared with conduct disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2000;30(4):279–293. doi: 10.1023/A:1005523232106.
    1. Hare DJ, Jones JPR, Paine C. Approaching realilty: The use of personal construct assessment in working with people with Asperger syndreom. Autism. 1999;3:165–176. doi: 10.1177/1362361399003002006.
    1. Hoza B, Gerdes AC, Arnold LE, Molina BSG, Epstein JN, Hechtman L, et al. Self-perceptions of competence in children with ADHD and comparison children. Journal of Consulting and Clincial Psychology. 2004;72(3):382–391. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.72.3.382.
    1. Hoza B, Pelham WE, Milich R, Pillow D, McBride K. The self-percpetions and attributions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disordered and nonreferred boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 1993;21(3):271–286. doi: 10.1007/BF00917535.
    1. Johnson SA, Filliter JH, Murphy RR. Discrepancies between self- and parent-perceptions of autistic traits and empathy in high functioning children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2009;39(12):1706–1714. doi: 10.1007/s10803-009-0809-1.
    1. Kinderman P, Bentall RP. A new measure of causal locus: The internal, personal and situational attributions questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences. 1996;20(2):261–264. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(95)00186-7.
    1. Koning C, Magill-Evans J. Social and language skills in adolescent boys with Asperger syndrome. Autism. 2001;5(1):23–36. doi: 10.1177/1362361301005001003.
    1. Leslie AM, Mallon R, DiCorcia JA. Transgressors, victims, and cry babies: Is basic moral judgement spared in autism? Social Neuroscience. 2006;1(3–4):270–283. doi: 10.1080/17470910600992197.
    1. Lombardo MV, Baron-Cohen S. The role of the self in mindblindness in autism. Consciousness and Cognition. 2011;20(1):130–140. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2010.09.006.
    1. Lord C, Risi S, Lambrecht L, Cook EH, Jr, Leventhal BL, DiLavore PC, et al. The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism Developmental Disorders. 2000;30(3):205–223. doi: 10.1023/A:1005592401947.
    1. Lord C, Rutter M, DiLavore PC, Risi S. Autism diagnostic observation schedule. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services; 2002.
    1. Markova IS, Berrios GE. Awareness and insight in psychopathology: An essential distinction? Theory and Psychology. 2011;21(4):421–437. doi: 10.1177/0959354310375330.
    1. Owens JS, Goldfine ME, Evangelista NM, Hoza B, Kaiser NM. A critical review of self-perceptions and the positive illusory bias in children with ADHD. Clinical Child and Family Psychological Review. 2007;10:335–351. doi: 10.1007/s10567-007-0027-3.
    1. Quee PJ, Meer L, Bruggeman R, Haan L, Krabbendam L, Cahn W, et al. Insight in psychosis: Relationship with neurocognition, social cognition and clinical symptoms depends on phase of illness. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 2011;37:29–37. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbq133.
    1. Roge, B., & Mullet, E. (2011). Blame and forgiveness judgments among children, adolescents and adults with autism. Autism, 1–10. doi:10.1177/1362361310394219.
    1. Russell E, Sofronoff K. Anxiety and social worries in children with Asperger Syndrome. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;39(7):633–638. doi: 10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01637.x.
    1. Saeedi H, Addington J, Addington D. The association of insight with psychotic symptoms, depression, and cognition in early psychosis: A 3-year follow-up. Schizophrenia Research. 2007;89:123–128. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.09.018.
    1. Sapara A, Cooke M, Fannon D, Francis A, Buchanan RW, Anikumar AP, et al. Prefrontal cortex and insight in schizophrenia: A volumetric MRI study. Schizophrenia Research. 2007;89:22–34. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2006.09.016.
    1. Schwartz RC, Cohen BN, Grubaugh A. Does insight affect long-term impatient treatment outcome in chronic schizophrenia? Comprehensive Psychiatry. 1997;38(5):283–288. doi: 10.1016/S0010-440X(97)90061-4.
    1. Takeda T, Kasia K, Kato N. Moral judgement in high-functioning pervasive developmental disorders. Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 2007;61:407–414. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01678.x.
    1. Taylor SE, Brown JD. Illusions and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin. 1988;103:193–210. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193.
    1. Wechsler D. Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI) San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment; 1999.

Source: PubMed

3
Abonneren