Real world data on cardiometabolic diseases in U.S. adults during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a decentralized registry study

Parth Shah, Kim Magee, Kiara H Buccellato, McKenna Ismond, Jalisa Watson, Parth Shah, Kim Magee, Kiara H Buccellato, McKenna Ismond, Jalisa Watson

Abstract

Background: Pre-existing cardiometabolic comorbidities place SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at a greater risk for poorer clinical course and mortality than those without it. We aimed to analyze real-world registry data focused primarily on participants with cardiometabolic diseases (CMD), which were remotely obtained via a digital platform.

Methods: Participants were divided into two groups: CMD or no cardiometabolic disease (non-CMD). They were evaluated based on their medical history, current medications/supplements, COVID-19 status, demographics, and baseline characteristics. The frequency of medications/supplements for CMD were compared using relative risks and 95% confidence intervals. The WHO (Five) Well-Being Index (WHO-5) were collected monthly for 6 months to assess psychological well-being which included cheerfulness, calmness, vigor, rest, and engagement with daily activities of interest.

Results: The 791 enrollees represented 49 U.S. states. The CMD group had significantly higher (p < 0.0001) BMI (mean + 3.04 kg/m2) and age (mean + 9.15 years) compared to non-CMD group. In the CMD group, participants who tested positive for COVID-19 had lower (p < 0.0001) well-being scores than those without COVID-19. For the 274 participants on CMD medications/supplements, there was no statistical difference in risk of COVID-19 contracture based on medication/supplement type; however, all six participants who were not being treated for CMD were COVID-19 positive (RR ~ 104). For 89 participants who were on treatment for diabetes or insulin resistance, there was a 90% reduced risk of COVID-19 incidence (p = 0.0187).

Conclusion: The well-being score of the CMD group was dependent on whether they tested positive for COVID-19. Type of CMD treatment did not impact COVID-19 status, but absence of treatment significantly increased COVID-19 incidence. With respect to SARS-CoV-2, our analysis supports continued use of the statins, ACE-I, ARBs, and diabetes medications in CMD patients.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04348942.

Keywords: Angiotensin; Cardiovascular; Diabetes; Insulin resistance; Metabolism; SARS-CoV-2.

Conflict of interest statement

All authors listed are employees of ObvioHealth. The first author is a principal investigator of this observational study who is responsible for the ObvioHealth study site.

© 2022. The Author(s).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of CMD participants by state
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a Number of participants in CMD and Non-CMD groups by race. b Number of participants in CMD and Non-CMD groups by ethnicity. c Number of participants in CMD and Non-CMD groups by gender. d Number of participants in CMD and Non-CMD groups by smoking status
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Mean wellbeing scores of CMD group by COVID-19 status per WHO-5 measure timepoints
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Mean wellbeing scores of CMD group by COVID-19 status over calendar time

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Source: PubMed

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