Cutaneous Manifestations of Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis and Post-Renal Transplant: A Review

Vivek Goel, Abheek Sil, Anupam Das, Vivek Goel, Abheek Sil, Anupam Das

Abstract

Skin serves as the mirror of underlying systemic problems. The early diagnosis of subtle cutaneous clinical pointers often helps in identifying renal disorders, obviating the delay in diagnosis and treatment. Cutaneous changes can be observed from the beginning of renal impairment until the evolution to terminal stage, in uremia, hemodialysis, and after kidney transplantation. In the review, we have discussed the cutaneous changes, its implicated etiopathogenesis, and their treatment options, as encountered in chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis and post-renal transplantation.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; dialysis; renal transplant; skin manifestations.

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Copyright: © 2021 Indian Journal of Dermatology.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Half and half nail (Lindsay nail) in a patient of chronic kidney disease (Courtesy: Dr Suneil Gandhi, Surat, India)
Figure 2
Figure 2
Umbilicated, hyperkeratotic papules, with a central, white, keratotic crust, in a patient of acquired perforating disorder, with long standing renal disease
Figure 3
Figure 3
An ulcer on the leg with black leathery eschar surrounded by dyspigmentation and erythematous induration signifying calciphylaxis (Courtesy Dr Iti Varshney, Aligarh, India)
Figure 4
Figure 4
Hyperpigmentation, scarring and milia, over the sun-exposed areas in a patient of porphyria cutanea tarda, with chronic kidney disease (Courtesy: Dr PVK Chaitanya, Puducherry, India)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Yellowish papules over the forearms in a patient of eruptive xanthoma with recently diagnosed renal disease (Courtesy: Dr Ashish Amrani, New Delhi, India)

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