Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review for Managing Pain and Improving Function in Acute and Chronic Conditions

Joseph V Pergolizzi Jr, Jo Ann LeQuang, Joseph V Pergolizzi Jr, Jo Ann LeQuang

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent and may transition into chronic LBP (cLBP) with associated reduced quality of life, pain, and disability. Because cLBP affects a heterogenous population, rehabilitation efforts must be individualized to meet the needs of various patient populations as well as individuals. This narrative review evaluated the many approaches to LBP rehabilitation including treatment-based classifications and specific types of rehabilitation efforts from exercise and physical therapy to spinal manipulation and bracing. Clinicians caring for patients with LBP or cLBP must be aware of the various options to find the right treatment course for each patient. In many cases, with proper patient expectations and care, nonpharmacological options may suffice to manage cLBP. While there is a rightful role for analgesics in the management of LBP, nonpharmacological options should be seriously considered, as they can play an important and health-sustaining role in patient management.

Keywords: Bracing; Chronic low back pain; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Kinesiology tape; Low back pain; Meditation; Orthotics; Physical therapy; Rehabilitation of low back pain; Spinal manipulation; Traction.

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