Long term consequences of oxygen therapy in the neonatal period
Alan H Jobe, Suhas G Kallapur, Alan H Jobe, Suhas G Kallapur
Abstract
Preterm and term infants are frequently exposed to high concentrations of oxygen for prolonged periods. In experimental models, high and prolonged oxygen exposures cause delayed alveolar septation and a bronchopulmonary dysplasia phenotype. Often, however, the oxygen exposure is tolerated in that the infants recover without severe lung or systemic injury. Multiple exposures change oxygen sensitivity in adult and newborn animals. Examples are antenatal corticosteroids, inflammatory mediators or preconditioning with oxygen, which will increase tolerance to oxygen injury. Intrauterine growth restriction or postnatal nutritional deficits will increase oxygen injury. Different infants probably have quite variable sensitivities to oxygen injury, but there are no biomarkers available to predict the risk of oxygen injury.
Conflict of interest statement
Conflicts of interest: The authors have grants from the US National Institutes of Health and Human services to study fetal inflammation and lung injury: D-57869 to S.K. The authors also participate in studies of the causes of lung injury with the initiation of ventilation funded in part by Fisher & Paykel, New Zealand.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Figures
Source: PubMed