Galectin-3 Inhibition With Modified Citrus Pectin in Hypertension

Emily S Lau, Elizabeth Liu, Samantha M Paniagua, Amy A Sarma, Giovanna Zampierollo, Begoña López, Javier Díez, Thomas J Wang, Jennifer E Ho, Emily S Lau, Elizabeth Liu, Samantha M Paniagua, Amy A Sarma, Giovanna Zampierollo, Begoña López, Javier Díez, Thomas J Wang, Jennifer E Ho

Abstract

We investigated the effect of galectin-3 (Gal-3) inhibition with modified citrus pectin on markers of collagen metabolism in a proof-of-concept randomized placebo-controlled trial of participants with elevated Gal-3 levels and hypertension. Although higher Gal-3 levels were associated with female sex, diabetes, and reduced glomerular filtration rate in cross-sectional analyses, treatment with modified citrus pectin did not change collagen markers. The effect of Gal-3 inhibition among individuals with heart failure warrants further investigation.

Keywords: AIx, augmentation index; AP, augmentation pressure; CITP, N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; Gal-3, galectin-3; HF, heart failure; LV, left ventricular; MCP, modified citrus pectin; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PICP, C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen; PIIINP, N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen; PWV, pulsed wave velocity; cardiac fibrosis; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; galectin-3; heart failure.

Conflict of interest statement

This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant Nos. NIH-5T32HL094301-07 (to Dr. Lau), R01-HL134893 (to Dr. Ho), R01-HL140224 (to Dr. Ho), and K24-HL153669 (to Dr. Ho) and a Gilead Sciences Research Scholar Award (to Dr. Ho). Dr. Ho has received research grants from Gilead Sciences and Bayer. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

© 2021 The Authors.

Figures

Graphical abstract
Graphical abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
CONSORT Diagram Flowchart showing the number of patients who were screened, randomized into the treatment groups, completed the study, and included in the final analysis. Gal-3 = galectin-3; MCP = modified citrus pectin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cross-Sectional Correlation of Galectin-3 With eGFR Line represents association between Gal-3 and eGFR by univariate linear regression: eGFR =−1.58xGal-3 +114.08. eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Change in Collagen Metabolism Biomarkers in Placebo Versus MCP Groups Boxes show interquartile ranges and bars represent 25th and 75th percentile values. Dots represent outliers. Squares represent the means. ∗p < 0.05. CITP = C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; MCP = modified citrus pectin; MMP = matrix metalloproteinase; PIIINP = N-terminal propeptide of type III procollagen; PICP = C-propeptide of type I procollagen.

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