Pronator quadratus repair after volar plating of distal radius fractures or not? Results of a prospective randomized trial

Sandra Häberle, Gunther Hubertus Sandmann, Stephan Deiler, Tobias Maximilian Kraus, Florian Fensky, Tobias Torsiglieri, Ina-Christine Rondak, Peter Biberthaler, Ulrich Stöckle, Sebastian Siebenlist, Sandra Häberle, Gunther Hubertus Sandmann, Stephan Deiler, Tobias Maximilian Kraus, Florian Fensky, Tobias Torsiglieri, Ina-Christine Rondak, Peter Biberthaler, Ulrich Stöckle, Sebastian Siebenlist

Abstract

Background: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of the pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle repair following volar plate fixation of distal radius fractures with special regards to the forearm pronation strength. During the early recovery period of 3 months, an improvement of pronation strength and functional scorings was hypothesized for the PQ repair when compared to no repair.

Methods: The inclusion criteria were (1) men or women between 18 and 80 years, (2) isolated, closed fractures of the distal radius, (3) A2 to B2 types of fracture according to the AO fracture classification system, (4) primary volar locking plate osteosynthesis. Patients were randomized to group A = PQ repair and group B = no repair. Follow-up examinations after 6 and 12 weeks included bilateral isometric pronation strength measurement, range of motion, the QuickDASH and the Mayo-Wrist-Score, and a visual analog scale (VAS).

Results: 60 patients (n = 31 in group A and n = 29 in group B) with an average age of 54 years (range 22-77 years) returned for both follow-up visits. The pronation strength measurements showed no significant differences between groups (PQ repair vs. no repair) neither at 6 weeks nor at 12 weeks. Additionally, no statistical significant differences were noted for ROM, QuickDASH-Score or Mayo-Wrist-Score. The VAS scoring revealed a significant decreased pain level after PQ repair at 6 weeks postoperatively (p = 0.017).

Conclusion: An improved pronation strength after PQ repair in the early rehabilitation period could not be confirmed. However, the PQ repair might reduce pain in the early postoperative period.

Trial registration number: NCT02595229 (ClinicalTrials.gov, registered 02 November 2015).

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Incision of the PQ muscle at the radial third of the distal radius
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Setup for pronation strength measurement: the blue arrow indicates the isometric pronation directional movement
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Maximum pronation strength (Fmax)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Mean pronation strength (Fmean)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
QuickDASH at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
VAS values at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery

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