Time-frequency dynamics of resting-state brain connectivity measured with fMRI
Catie Chang, Gary H Glover, Catie Chang, Gary H Glover
Abstract
Most studies of resting-state functional connectivity using fMRI employ methods that assume temporal stationarity, such as correlation and data-driven decompositions computed across the duration of the scan. However, evidence from both task-based fMRI studies and animal electrophysiology suggests that functional connectivity may exhibit dynamic changes within time scales of seconds to minutes. In the present study, we investigated the dynamic behavior of resting-state connectivity across the course of a single scan, performing a time-frequency coherence analysis based on the wavelet transform. We focused on the connectivity of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a primary node of the default-mode network, examining its relationship with both the "anticorrelated" ("task-positive") network as well as other nodes of the default-mode network. It was observed that coherence and phase between the PCC and the anticorrelated network was variable in time and frequency, and statistical testing based on Monte Carlo simulations revealed the presence of significant scale-dependent temporal variability. In addition, a sliding-window correlation procedure identified other regions across the brain that exhibited variable connectivity with the PCC across the scan, which included areas previously implicated in attention and salience processing. Although it is unclear whether the observed coherence and phase variability can be attributed to residual noise or modulation of cognitive state, the present results illustrate that resting-state functional connectivity is not static, and it may therefore prove valuable to consider measures of variability, in addition to average quantities, when characterizing resting-state networks.
Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Figures
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Wavelet transform coherence between the…
Figure 3
Wavelet transform coherence between the PCC and 3 of its anticorrelated ROIs, shown…
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Wavelet transform coherence between the…
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Wavelet transform coherence between the PCC and default-mode ROIs, shown for 6 subjects:…
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Significance of temporal variability in…
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Significance of temporal variability in the wavelet transform coherence. Each plot shows the…
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Time-averaged coherence (see Eq. 4),…
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Time-averaged coherence (see Eq. 4), shown for default-mode (top row) and anticorrelated (middle…
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Percentage of the total significant…
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Percentage of the total significant coherence occurring within each phase range (φ±π/4), within…
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(A) WTC analysis and (B)…
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(A) WTC analysis and (B) time-averaged coherence between the PCC ROI and voxels…
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(A) Variability (standard deviation) over…
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(A) Variability (standard deviation) over the sequence of 2-min sliding-window correlation coefficients, averaged…
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Range of sliding-window correlation values…
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Range of sliding-window correlation values for ROIs 1–5 (Fig. 9A), for window sizes…
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Group average (N=12) of Fisher…
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Group average (N=12) of Fisher z -transformed correlation coefficients between 5 ROIs (Fig.…
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(Top row) Time-averaged coherence for…
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(Top row) Time-averaged coherence for for the 5 ROIs indicated in Fig. 9A.…
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Raw time series and sliding-window…
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Raw time series and sliding-window correlation coefficients between the PCC and (A) ROI5…
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Negative correlations with the PCC…
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Negative correlations with the PCC across two successive 7-min segments of resting-state data,…
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Source: PubMed