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Effects of a 6-Month Gymnastics Program on Somatotype and Motor Performance in Children Across Age Groups (Motor Progress)

26 maja 2026 zaktualizowane przez: Ahmet KURTOĞLU, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University
The study adopted a controlled 6-month study design to compare the gymnastics group (n= 56) with the inactive control group (n=88). Anthropometric profiling, somatotype assessment, and motor performance tests were conducted pre- and post-intervention

Przegląd badań

Status

Zakończony

Warunki

Interwencja / Leczenie

Szczegółowy opis

The study design for the present investigation was prospective, controlled, and observational with a duration of 6 months. The repeated measures design approach has been used to assess the neuromuscular and morphological adaptations (Pre-test vs. Post-test) for the gymnastics and inactive groups. The intervention and observation period for the study was 2 days x 24 weeks.

To ensure high internal validity and to minimize the effects of circadian rhythm changes, all pre- and post-test assessments were conducted during the morning hours, between 09:00 and 11:30 AM, under similar environmental conditions (temperature and humidity). Prior to the pre-test, standardized pre-test procedures were clearly explained to the participants and their parents. Children were instructed to adhere to their routine sleeping habits (minimum 8 hours of sleep) and abstain from any strenuous physical activity and sports for at least 24 hours prior to the pre- and post-test assessments.

With regard to the standardized nutritional conditions, the participants were instructed to adhere to their routine diet but abstain from heavy meals for at least 2 hours prior to the pre- and post-test assessments. Participants were allowed to drink water ad libitum up to 30 minutes prior to the assessments.

On the assessment days, a logical and non-fatiguing sequence of the pre- and post-test assessments was strictly followed. Non-invasive anthropometric assessments such as stature, body mass, skinfolds, girths, and breadths were conducted for all the participants, while they were in a rested and non-sweated condition. After the anthropometric assessments, the participants were administered a standardized 10-minute dynamic warm-up procedure by a certified strength and conditioning specialist. Subsequently, the motor performance tests were conducted. To prevent the participants from fatigue, the physical tests were conducted from the least to the most fatiguing, from flexibility to muscular endurance and sprint capacity, with strict adherence to the intervening time of 3-5 minutes between the assessments

.

Typ studiów

Interwencyjne

Zapisy (Rzeczywisty)

144

Faza

  • Nie dotyczy

Kontakty i lokalizacje

Ta sekcja zawiera dane kontaktowe osób prowadzących badanie oraz informacje o tym, gdzie badanie jest przeprowadzane.

Lokalizacje studiów

  • Kazachstan
      • Astana, Kazachstan
        • Kazakh National University of Sports

Kryteria uczestnictwa

Badacze szukają osób, które pasują do określonego opisu, zwanego kryteriami kwalifikacyjnymi. Niektóre przykłady tych kryteriów to ogólny stan zdrowia danej osoby lub wcześniejsze leczenie.

Kryteria kwalifikacji

Wiek uprawniający do nauki

  • Dziecko

Akceptuje zdrowych ochotników

Tak

Opis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • For Experimental Group: Active and continuous participation in a gymnastics program during the entire 6-month period.
  • Inactive control group : comprised participants who did not practice any form of sports, athletics, and physical training outside their usual physical education classes at school.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • the presence of any chronic metabolic, cardiovascular, and endocrine disorders;
  • a history of severe musculoskeletal injuries and orthopedic surgeries within the past year;
  • the use of medications known to have a significant impact on body composition and physical performance; and
  • an attendance rate of less than 85% for the gymnastics sessions (only for the intervention group).

Plan studiów

Ta sekcja zawiera szczegółowe informacje na temat planu badania, w tym sposób zaprojektowania badania i jego pomiary.

Jak projektuje się badanie?

Szczegóły projektu

  • Główny cel: Leczenie
  • Przydział: Randomizowane
  • Model interwencyjny: Przydział równoległy
  • Maskowanie: Pojedynczy

Broń i interwencje

Grupa uczestników / Arm
Interwencja / Leczenie
Eksperymentalny: Grupa eksperymentalna
Inny: Gymnastic Exercise
Gymnastic Training for six month
Brak interwencji: Grupa kontrolna

Co mierzy badanie?

Podstawowe miary wyniku

Miara wyniku
Opis środka
Ramy czasowe
Circumferences (Girths) Measurements
Ramy czasowe: 6 month
Girth measurements were taken to the nearest 0.1 cm using a flexible, non-stretchable anthropometric tape measure (Lufkin W606PM, Apex Tool Group). The measured girths included the head, neck, shoulder, chest, waist, hip, relaxed arm, forearm, thigh, maximum calf, and ankle circumferences. Care was taken to ensure the tape measure was at a right angle to the long axis of the body segment and did not compress the subcutaneous tissue.
6 month
Skinfold Thickness Measurements
Ramy czasowe: 6 month
Skinfold thicknesses were measured to the nearest 0.1 mm using a Harpenden skinfold caliper (Baty International, West Sussex, UK). Measurements were taken in duplicate at nine standardized sites: triceps, subscapular, biceps, chest, axillary, abdominal, suprailiac, anterior thigh, and medial calf. If the difference between the first two measurements exceeded 5%, a third measurement was taken, and the median value was recorded for analysis. Furthermore, to obtain a comprehensive and robust quantification of total subcutaneous adiposity, the sum of all nine measured skinfolds (Σ9SF) was calculated. In pediatric kinanthropometry, the absolute sum of multiple skinfold sites is widely recognized as a highly reliable proxy for total body fatness, as it circumvents the inherent biological maturation errors and prediction biases associated with population-specific body density and body fat percentage equations.
6 month
Waist-to-Height Ratio
Ramy czasowe: Six Month
Calculated by dividing waist circumference (cm) by standing height (cm). This ratio serves as a highly validated, age-independent proxy for central adiposity and health risk in pediatric populations.
Six Month
Segment Lengths and Bone Breadths Measurements
Ramy czasowe: Six Month
Segment lengths (arm span, total arm, forearm, total leg, thigh, tibia, and foot lengths) were measured using a segmometer and anthropometric tape to the nearest 0.1 cm. Skeletal breadths were measured to the nearest 0.1 cm using a sliding spreading caliper. The breadth measurements included the shoulder, biacromial, biiliac, bitrochanteric, knee (biepicondylar femur), elbow (biepicondylar humerus), and wrist.
Six Month
Body Fat (BF) and Fat-Free Mass
Ramy czasowe: six month
Relative body fat percentage (BF%) was estimated using the pediatric-specific skinfold equations developed by Slaughter et al. Specifically, this calculation utilized the sum of the triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, adjusted for biological sex and maturation, which is considered the gold standard for clinical field assessments in youth. Subsequently, total body fat mass was determined, and absolute Fat-Free Mass (FFM in kg) was calculated by subtracting this estimated fat mass from the total body mass.
six month
Skeletal Muscle Mass
Ramy czasowe: six month
Total skeletal muscle mass (kg) was estimated by employing validated anthropometric prediction models for children and adolescents, which account for standing height as well as corrected limb girths (i.e., thigh, calf, and arm circumferences that have been corrected for their respective overlying subcutaneous adipose tissue thicknesses).
six month
Arm Muscle Area
Ramy czasowe: six month
AMA was calculated to estimate regional upper-body muscularity and protein reserves. AMA (cm²) was derived from relaxed arm girth (cm) and triceps skinfold thickness (cm) using the standard anthropometric equation
six month
Somatotype
Ramy czasowe: six month

The anthropometric somatotype components, namely endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy, were calculated according to the Heath-Carter method [17, 24].

Endomorphy was estimated based on the height-adjusted sum of three skinfold thicknesses: triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac.
six month
Motor Performance Tests
Ramy czasowe: six month

Flexibility (Sit and Reach Test):

Lower-Body Explosive Power:

Muscular Endurance:

Speed (20-m Sprint):
six month
Body Composition
Ramy czasowe: 6 months

Endomorphy was estimated based on the height-adjusted sum of three skinfold thicknesses: triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac.

Mesomorphy was determined using humerus (elbow) breadth, femur (knee) breadth, height, and corrected limb girths. Corrected arm girth (CAG) and corrected calf girth (CCG) were adjusted for the corresponding skinfold thicknesses.

Ectomorphy was derived from the Height-Weight Ratio (HWR), which was calculated as height divided by the cube root of body mass.
6 months
Weight
Ramy czasowe: 6 Month
Participants were assessed barefoot and wearing minimal clothing. Participants' body weight was measured using a Seca (Seca GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) scale with an accuracy of 0.1 kg.
6 Month
Height
Ramy czasowe: 6 month
Participants' height was measured using a Seca (Seca GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) stadiometer with an accuracy of 0.1 cm.
6 month
Body Mass Index
Ramy czasowe: 6 month
Participants' body mass indices (BMI) were calculated using the weight/height² formula (kg/m² ).
6 month

Współpracownicy i badacze

Tutaj znajdziesz osoby i organizacje zaangażowane w to badanie.

Sponsor

Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University

Daty zapisu na studia

Daty te śledzą postęp w przesyłaniu rekordów badań i podsumowań wyników do ClinicalTrials.gov. Zapisy badań i zgłoszone wyniki są przeglądane przez National Library of Medicine (NLM), aby upewnić się, że spełniają określone standardy kontroli jakości, zanim zostaną opublikowane na publicznej stronie internetowej.

Główne daty studiów

Rozpoczęcie studiów (Rzeczywisty)

1 stycznia 2025

Zakończenie podstawowe (Rzeczywisty)

1 czerwca 2025

Ukończenie studiów (Rzeczywisty)

1 czerwca 2025

Daty rejestracji na studia

Pierwszy przesłany

5 maja 2026

Pierwszy przesłany, który spełnia kryteria kontroli jakości

26 maja 2026

Pierwszy wysłany (Rzeczywisty)

29 maja 2026

Aktualizacje rekordów badań

Ostatnia wysłana aktualizacja (Rzeczywisty)

29 maja 2026

Ostatnia przesłana aktualizacja, która spełniała kryteria kontroli jakości

26 maja 2026

Ostatnia weryfikacja

1 stycznia 2025

Więcej informacji

Terminy związane z tym badaniem

Słowa kluczowe

Inne numery identyfikacyjne badania

  • BanirmaOnyediEylulU

Plan dla danych uczestnika indywidualnego (IPD)

Planujesz udostępniać dane poszczególnych uczestników (IPD)?

TAK

Informacje o lekach i urządzeniach, dokumenty badawcze

Bada produkt leczniczy regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

Bada produkt urządzenia regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

Te informacje zostały pobrane bezpośrednio ze strony internetowej clinicaltrials.gov bez żadnych zmian. Jeśli chcesz zmienić, usunąć lub zaktualizować dane swojego badania, skontaktuj się z register@clinicaltrials.gov. Gdy tylko zmiana zostanie wprowadzona na stronie clinicaltrials.gov, zostanie ona automatycznie zaktualizowana również na naszej stronie internetowej .

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