Effects of Canagliflozin on Serum Magnesium in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Richard E Gilbert, Christian Mende, Ujjwala Vijapurkar, Sue Sha, Michael J Davies, Mehul Desai, Richard E Gilbert, Christian Mende, Ujjwala Vijapurkar, Sue Sha, Michael J Davies, Mehul Desai

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, on serum magnesium in hypomagnesemic patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This post hoc analysis was based on pooled data from four placebo-controlled studies of canagliflozin (N = 2313). The proportion of patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L who achieved serum magnesium ≥0.74 mmol/L at week 26 was evaluated.

Results: At week 26, canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg increased serum magnesium versus placebo in patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L (17.0% and 19.0% vs 3.9%) and ≥0.74 mmol/L (4.9% and 7.0% vs -1.4%). More patients with baseline serum magnesium <0.74 mmol/L had serum magnesium ≥0.74 mmol/L at week 26 with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg versus placebo (74.1% and 80.6% vs 28.8%).

Conclusions: Canagliflozin was associated with normalization of serum magnesium in hypomagnesemic patients with type 2 diabetes, potentially leading to improved cardiometabolic outcomes.

Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers, NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT01106625, NCT01106690.

Keywords: Canagliflozin; Cardiometabolic; Cardiovascular disease; Magnesium; Sodium glucose co-transporter; Type 2 diabetes.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Percentage change from baseline in serum magnesium at week 26. Mg magnesium, CI confidence interval, LS least squares, SE standard error, PBO placebo, CANA canagliflozin
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proportion of patients with baseline serum magnesium OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PBO placebo, CANA canagliflozin

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Source: PubMed

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