Dismantling Mindfulness: Contributions of Attention vs. Acceptance
1 november 2018 uppdaterad av: Willoughby Britton, Brown University
This study addresses NCCAM's request for research that investigates the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying mind-body therapies, and for precise criteria and better delineation of meditation practices.
The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical efficacy and mechanism of action of 2 component practices of "mindfulness meditation", i.e. focused awareness (FA) and open monitoring (OM) in comparison to each other and to the standard package, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT).
Studieöversikt
Status
Avslutad
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljerad beskrivning
Meditation, particularly mindfulness meditation, is one of the most popular Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies for alleviating emotional stress, depression and anxiety.
While standardized meditation-based treatment packages like Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) have reliably shown sustained improvements in emotional disturbances and wellbeing, they contain so many different components and practices that the active ingredient cannot be ascertained.
What is commonly called "Mindfulness" meditation is actually comprised of two separate practices: 1) focused awareness practice (FA), and 2) open-monitoring practice (OM).
This project aims to create separate 8 week programs for FA and OM meditations, compare their clinical efficacy and investigate their separate mechanisms of action in individuals with clinically significant levels of persistent negative affect and depression.
The clinical benefit and mechanism of action of focused awareness (FA) vs open-monitoring (OM) vs MBCT will be examined with a 3-armed randomized control trial of these 8 week interventions.
Outcome variables include negative affect (depression, anxiety, stress) and wellbeing.
Hypothesized mediating processes include objectively measured attention, emotion regulation and the basic wakefulness on which they depend.
Studietyp
Interventionell
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
104
Fas
- Inte tillämpbar
Kontakter och platser
Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.
Studieorter
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Rhode Island
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Providence, Rhode Island, Förenta staterna, 02912
- Brown University Clinical and Affective Neuroscience Laboratory
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Deltagandekriterier
Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
18 år till 65 år (Vuxen, Äldre vuxen)
Tar emot friska volontärer
Nej
Kön som är behöriga för studier
Allt
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
- English-speaking
- ages 18-65
- mild-severe levels of depression or high level of negative affect
Exclusion Criteria:
Current:
- age <18 or >65
- inability to read and write in English
- Extremely severe levels of depression
- active suicidal ideation
- presence of Axis I personality disorder
- panic disorder
- post-traumatic stress disorder
- obsessive-compulsive disorder
- eating disorder, or substance abuse/dependence
- current psychotherapy
- change in antidepressant medication type or dosage in the last 8 weeks.
Lifetime history exclusions:
- bipolar disorder
- psychotic disorders
- persistent antisocial behavior or repeated self-harm,
- borderline personality disorder,
- organic brain damage
- regular meditation practice
Studieplan
Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
- Primärt syfte: Behandling
- Tilldelning: Randomiserad
- Interventionsmodell: Sekventiell tilldelning
- Maskning: Enda
Vapen och interventioner
Deltagargrupp / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Experimentell: Focused Attention (FA)
This 8 week program consists solely of focused attention practices, i.e. selected attention to an object (breath etc) and deselection of other stimuli
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Experimentell: Open-Monitoring (OM)
This 8-week program consists solely of open monitoring practices, or noticing and/or labeling the contents of ongoing experience ( thoughts, body sensations, emotions, seeing, hearing etc) without focusing on or deselecting any stimuli
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Experimentell: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)
The 8 week MBCT program follows the 2nd Edition (2012) manual (Segal, Williams, Teasdale) and includes both focused attention and open- monitoring practices
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Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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30-item clinician administered interview about unipolar depression symptoms
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baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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change in Depression, Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)
Tidsram: baseline, week 2,4,6,8, 20
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42-item self-report questionnaire on depression, anxiety and stress symptoms
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baseline, week 2,4,6,8, 20
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change in Wellbeing Scale (WBS)
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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73-item self-report questionnaire of psychological wellbeing
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baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Change in alpha-theta EEG power from baseline to 8 weeks
Tidsram: baseline and 8 weeks
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Resting/spontaneous EEG power in 5-9 Hz range
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baseline and 8 weeks
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Change in Facial EMG power from baseline to 8 weeks
Tidsram: baseline and 8 weeks
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Facial EMG response to emotional (IAPS) photos (reactivity + regulation)
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baseline and 8 weeks
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Sustained Attention to response Task (SART)
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks
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40 minuted sustained attention, go-no-go task
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baseline, 8 weeks
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Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS)
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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36-item self report of emotion regulation
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baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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Attention Control Questionnaire (Derryberry & Reed, 2002)
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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20-item self report measure of attentional abilities
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baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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Andra resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)
Tidsram: baseline, week 3,5,7,8,20
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39-item self-report questionnaire of mindfulness skill acquisition (attention, non-reactivity)
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baseline, week 3,5,7,8,20
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Self-Compassion Scale (Neff 2003)
Tidsram: baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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26-item self report of attitudes towards oneself
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baseline, 8 weeks, 20 weeks
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Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS)
Tidsram: week 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
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60-item self report of emotional states
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week 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
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Samarbetspartners och utredare
Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.
Sponsor
Publikationer och användbara länkar
Den som ansvarar för att lägga in information om studien tillhandahåller frivilligt dessa publikationer. Dessa kan handla om allt som har med studien att göra.
Allmänna publikationer
- Cullen B, Eichel K, Lindahl JR, Rahrig H, Kini N, Flahive J, Britton WB. The contributions of focused attention and open monitoring in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for affective disturbances: A 3-armed randomized dismantling trial. PLoS One. 2021 Jan 12;16(1):e0244838. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244838. eCollection 2021.
- Canby NK, Eichel K, Peters SI, Rahrig H, Britton WB. Predictors of Out-of-Class Mindfulness Practice Adherence During and After a Mindfulness-Based Intervention. Psychosom Med. 2021 Jul-Aug 01;83(6):655-664. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000873.
- Britton WB, Davis JH, Loucks EB, Peterson B, Cullen BH, Reuter L, Rando A, Rahrig H, Lipsky J, Lindahl JR. Dismantling Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy: Creation and validation of 8-week focused attention and open monitoring interventions within a 3-armed randomized controlled trial. Behav Res Ther. 2018 Feb;101:92-107. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.09.010. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Användbara länkar
Studieavstämningsdatum
Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.
Studera stora datum
Studiestart
1 februari 2013
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
15 mars 2016
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
15 mars 2016
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
10 april 2013
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
11 april 2013
Första postat (Uppskatta)
15 april 2013
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)
5 november 2018
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
1 november 2018
Senast verifierad
1 november 2018
Mer information
Termer relaterade till denna studie
Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor
Andra studie-ID-nummer
- K23AT006328-01A1 (U.S.S. NIH-anslag/kontrakt)
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