Tailored Treatment of Permanent Atrial Fibrillation (TTOP-AF)

September 17, 2018 updated by: Medtronic Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure

Tailored Treatment of Permanent Atrial Fibrillation - TTOP-AF

The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Medtronic Cardiac Ablation System compared to medical therapy in the persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation population.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
210

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Netherlands
      • Nieuwegein, Netherlands
        • St. Antonius Ziekenhuis
  • United States
    • Arizona
      • Scottsdale, Arizona, United States, 85251
        • Arizona Arrhythmia Research Center
    • California
      • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095
        • UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center
    • Florida
      • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32224
        • Mayo Clinic Jacksonville
    • Georgia
      • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30309
        • Piedmont Hospital
      • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30308
        • Emory Crawford Long Hospital
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
        • University of Chicago
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Krannert Institute of Cardiology
    • Iowa
      • Davenport, Iowa, United States, 52803
        • Genesis Medical Center
      • Des Moines, Iowa, United States, 50309
        • Iowa Heart Center
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21287
        • Johns Hopkins Hospital
      • Takoma Park, Maryland, United States, 20912
        • Washington Adventist Hospital
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
        • Brigham and Women's Hospital
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114
        • Massachusetts General Hospital Cardiac Arrhythmia
      • Burlington, Massachusetts, United States, 01805
        • Lahey Clinic
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
        • University of Michigan
      • Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States, 49503
        • Spectrum Health Research Department
    • New York
      • Rochester, New York, United States, 14642
        • University of Rochester
    • North Carolina
      • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27157
        • Wake Forest University
    • Ohio
      • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
        • The Ohio State University
    • Pennsylvania
      • Erie, Pennsylvania, United States, 16502
        • Consultants in Cardiovascular Diseases
    • Texas
      • Austin, Texas, United States, 78756
        • Austin Heart
      • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
        • Texas Heart Institute at St. Luke's Episcopal
    • Virginia
      • Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 23507
        • Sentara Cardiovascular Research Institute

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

  • History of symptomatic, continuous atrial fibrillation defined as: Continuous atrial fibrillation lasting greater than 1 year but less than 4 years or nonself-terminating atrial fibrillation, lasting greater than 7 days but no more than 1 year, with at least one failed direct current cardioversion. A failed cardioversion was defined as an unsuccessful cardioversion or one in which normal sinus rhythm was established but not maintained beyond 7 days.
  • Atrial fibrillation symptoms included the following: palpitations, fatigue,exertional dyspnea, exercise intolerance
  • Age between 18 and 70 years
  • Failure of at least one Class I or III rhythm control drug
  • Willingness, ability and commitment to participate in baseline and follow-up evaluations for the full length of the study.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

  • Structural heart disease of clinical significance including:

    • Previous cardiac surgery (excluding coronary artery bypass graft and mitral valve repair)
    • Symptoms of congestive heart failure including, but not limited to, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV congestive heart failure and/or documented ejection fraction <40% measured by acceptable cardiac testing
    • Left atrial diameter >55 mm
    • Moderate to severe mitral or aortic valvular heart disease
    • Stable/unstable angina or ongoing myocardial ischemia
    • Myocardial infarction (MI) within 3 months of enrollment
    • Congenital heart disease (not including atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale without a right to left shunt) where the underlying abnormality increases the risk of an ablative procedure
    • Prior atrial septal defect of patent foramen ovale closure with a device using a percutaneous approach
    • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular septal wall thickness >1.5 cm)
    • Pulmonary hypertension (mean or systolic pulmonary artery pressure >50 mm Hg on Doppler echo)
  • Any prior ablation for atrial fibrillation
  • Enrollment in any other ongoing arrhythmia study
  • Any ventricular tachyarrhythmia currently being treated where the arrhythmia or the management may interfere with this study
  • Active infection or sepsis
  • Any history of cerebral vascular disease including stroke or transient ischemic attacks
  • Pregnancy or lactation
  • Left atrial thrombus at the time of ablation
  • Untreatable allergy to contrast media
  • Any diagnosis of atrial fibrillation secondary to electrolyte imbalance, thyroid disease, or any other reversible or non-cardiovascular causes
  • History of blood clotting (bleeding or thrombotic) abnormalities
  • Known sensitivities to heparin or warfarin
  • Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (defined as forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1) <1)
  • Severe co-morbidity or poor general physical/mental health that, in the opinion of the investigator, will not allow the subject to be a good study candidate

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: 1
Ablation Management
Procedure: Medtronic Cardiac Ablation System
Arm 1 (Ablation Management): Ablation procedures using investigational catheters in left atrium. Cardioversion could be used to restore sinus rhythm if needed.
Active Comparator: 2
Medical Management
Drug: Class I or III Antiarrhythmic Medications
Arm 2 (Medical Management): Class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs. Changes in dosing, antiarrhythmic drugs or combinations of antiarrhythmic drugs were allowed. Direct current cardioversions were also allowed at the discretion of the investigator.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Chronic Effectiveness
Time Frame: 6 months

The chronic efficacy endpoint was a treatment success/failure measure for each subject computed at 6 months. Treatment success included:

  1. A 90% reduction in clinically significant atrial fibrillation from baseline to the 6 month time point based on a Holter recording. Clinically significant atrial fibrillation was defined as sustained atrial fibrillation lasting more than 10 minutes.
  2. The subject was off all antiarrhythmic drugs at 6 months (Ablation Management arm only)
  3. The Investigator judged all procedures to be acutely successful (Ablation Management arm only).
6 months
Acute Safety
Time Frame: 7 days
The primary endpoint for acute safety was a success/failure variable calculated for each subject in Ablation Management at the 7 day post-procedure time point. Any subject with at least one adverse event adjudicated by the Data Safety Monitoring Board as both serious and either probably or definitely procedure and/or device-related occurring within 7 days of the ablation procedure was considered an acute safety failure, regardless of whether the event occurred following the index or retreatment ablation procedure.
7 days
Chronic Safety
Time Frame: 6 months
The primary endpoint for chronic safety was a success/failure variable calculated for each subject at 6 months. Any subject that had at least one adverse event that met designated seriousness and relatedness criteria for the particular treatment group as adjudicated by the Data Safety Monitoring Board was considered a chronic safety failure. Adverse events in Ablation Management that were acute (≤7 days) were not included in the chronic safety primary endpoint. Given the disparity in the length of time at risk between treatment arms,the Chronic Safety endpoint was not statistically powered.
6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Acute Efficacy
Time Frame: Procedure conclusion

A treatment success/failure up to the conclusion of the procedure for each subject in Ablation Management. A subject was considered successfully treated if the following were true:

  • Medtronic ablation catheters were used to achieve procedure success.
  • All accessible pulmonary veins were isolated.
  • At least 50% reduction of complex fractionated atrial electrograms mapped and ablated with Medtronic ablation catheters.
  • Sinus rhythm was achieved upon leaving the electrophysiology lab (±cardioversion).
Procedure conclusion
Improvement of Left Atrial Size at 6 Months Compared to Baseline.
Time Frame: 6 months
Left atrial diameter (LAD), as measured by transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) looking at the longitudinal long axis at baseline and at the 6 month follow-up visit in both the Ablation and Medical Management arms.
6 months
Improvement of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction at 6 Months Compared to Baseline.
Time Frame: 6 months
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), as measured by transthoracic echocardiogram at baseline and 6 months in both the Ablation and Medical Management arms.
6 months
Improvement in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) Symptom Severity Scores Over 6 Months Compared to Baseline.
Time Frame: 6 months
The severity of subject's atrial fibrillation related symptoms on a scale from 1 (no symptoms) to 5 (most severe). The symptoms included palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath, lightheadedness or dizziness, and lack of energy during exertion or exercise. The scores were tabulated at the 1, 3 and 6 month follow-up visits. Scores could range from 5 to 25, indicating a spectrum of subject status from asymptomatic to severely symptomatic.
6 months
Improved Quality of Life Over 6 Months Compared to Baseline.
Time Frame: 6 months
The SF-36 questionnaire was administered to subjects at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 month visits. The SF-36 is a multi-purpose, short-form health survey with only 36 questions. It yields an 8-scale profile of functional health and well-being scores as well as psychometrically-based Physical Component Score and Mental Component Score. The possible range for Physical Component Score and Mental Component Score is 0 to 100. The higher score, the better quality of life.
6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Medtronic Cardiac Rhythm and Heart Failure

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 1, 2007

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 1, 2010

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 8, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 8, 2007

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 10, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 16, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 17, 2018

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • AFI-30

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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