Does PEP Compensate the Reduction of Tidal Volume During One Lung Ventilation? (REVOLU)

May 12, 2026 updated by: University Hospital, Bordeaux

Lowering VT and Increasing PEP During One-Lung Ventilation (OLV), Impact on Oxygenation

During general anesthesia, airway closure and the formation of atelectasis impair oxygenation. During one-lung ventilation, large tidal volumes are used to resume atelectasis with a risk of regional over distension and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI). The reduction in TV should reduce the occurrence of VILI but lead to a consistent alveolar derecruitment. This harmful effect may be counteracted by PEP. We, therefore, study the impact on oxygenation, of increasing PEP during OLV, in order to maintain alveolar recruitment when TV is reduced.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

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Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

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Detailed Description

Approval Status: Approved Approval Number: 2007-06 Board Name: CPP Sud Ouest et Outre-Mer 3 Board Affiliation: French Ministry of Health (DGS) Phone: Email: cpp.soom3@orange.fr No France: Afssaps - French Health Products Safety Agency

During general anesthesia, airway closure and the formation of atelectasis impair oxygenation. During one-lung ventilation, large tidal volumes are used to resume atelectasis with a risk of regional over distension and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI). The reduction in TV should reduce the occurrence of VILI but lead to a consistent alveolar derecruitment. This harmful effect may be counteracted by PEP. We, therefore, study the impact on oxygenation, of increasing PEP during OLV, in order to maintain alveolar recruitment when TV is reduced.

A recent study reported that mechanical ventilation with large intraoperative TV is associated with an increased risk of post-pneumonectomy respiratory failure. Indeed, large TV during OLV may lead to Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) with the creation of alveolar stretch injury and the development of permeability pulmonary edema. The reduction in TV should reduce the occurrence of VILI but lead to a consistent alveolar derecruitment. This harmful effect may be counteracted by PEP. Therefore, once TV is reduced, PEP may play a key role in minimizing lung collapse and preventing lung units from repeated opening and collapse phases. Such "protective" ventilatory strategy may be proposed if it does not lead to hypoxemia during exclusion. We, therefore, study the impact on oxygenation, of increasing PEP in order to maintain recruitment, keeping Pplat constant when TV is reduced. We will compare, in each patient without severe pulmonary obstructive disease (FEV1 and FEV1 /CV > 70%), two strategies of ventilation with two different levels of TV and PEP, but keeping the same Pplat :

After induction of anesthesia, fiberoptic bronchoscopy confirms the correct position of the tube. Anesthesia is maintained with sevoflurane with a BIS® objective between 45 and 55. Boluses of sufentanyl and cisatracurium are done when clinically necessary. Patients are ventilated in VCV with a ZEUS® respiratory device (Dragger, Germany). Before incision, patients are switched to one-lung ventilation in the lateral position. The tidal volume (TV) is 8 ml/kg of ideal body weight, with a maximal plateau pressure limited to 32 cm H2O. The ventilatory frequency is adjusted in order to maintain end tidal concentrations of carbon dioxide (PetCO2) between 30 to 35 mmHg. 5 cmH2O of positive end expiratory pressure (PEP) is used, and the inspired oxygen fraction is adjusted in order to maintain the pulse oxymetry above 95%. During OLV, if SpO2 decreases to less than 90% with 100% of inspired oxygen fraction, surgery is temporarily stopped to resume two lungs ventilation until SpO2 recover at least 95%. If necessary, a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with 5 cm H2O of oxygen is maintained to provide the non dependent lung. Datas are recorded when the chest is opened. The alveolar pressures and the inspiratory and expiratory flow time curves are monitored. After a period of 15 min, the two strategies are compared in a random order :

  • TV of 8 ml/kg of ideal body weight and a PEP of 5 cmH2O during 10 minutes
  • TV of 5 ml/kg and a PEP level in order to keep the same plateau pressure during 10 minutes.

Arterial blood gases are measured after 10 minutes using each strategy and before any vessels are ligated. The occurrence of PEPi is detected on the expiratory flow time curve.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
88

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • France
      • Pessac, France, 33604
        • Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation II, Groupe Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Bordeaux

Participation Criteria

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Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age> 18 years
  • Open-chest thoracotomy for pulmonary resection
  • oral consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Severe obstructive disease (FEV1 or FEV1 /CV < 70%)
  • Patient who don't tolerate a one-lung ventilation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: 1
Procedure: One-Lung ventilation
Low Vt, High PEP
Other: 2
Procedure: One-Llung ventilation
High Vt, low PEP

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
PaO2/FiO2 after 10 minutes of each strategy
Time Frame: 15 minutes after selective intubation and 10 minutes after the beginning of each ventilation type.
15 minutes after selective intubation and 10 minutes after the beginning of each ventilation type.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Occurrence of intrinsic PEP.
Time Frame: Peroperative period
Peroperative period
Haemodynamic side effects: decrease of more than 20% of the arterial systolic blood pressure
Time Frame: peroperative period
peroperative period

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University Hospital, Bordeaux

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hadrien ROZE, Dr, University Hospital, Bordeaux
  • Study Chair: Paul PEREZ, Dr, University Hospital (USMR), Bordeaux

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

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Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 1, 2007

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 1, 2009

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
September 24, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 24, 2007

First Posted (Estimated)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 26, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 15, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 12, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2010

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • CHUBX 2007/06
  • 2007-A00500-53 (Other Identifier: ANSM)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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