The Impact of Food Advertisements on Brain Response and Eating Behavior in Children

January 11, 2021 updated by: Kathleen Loralee Keller, Penn State University
The purpose of this project is to examine the impact that television food advertisements have on brain responses and eating behavior in children. Food advertisements enhance children's liking and intake of foods that tend to be high in energy content and low in nutritional value. Although several studies have measured the differences in children's food intake after watching advertisements, none have shown the brain mechanisms associated with this change in behavior. In order to clarify the relationship between food advertising and eating behavior, the investigators have assembled a team with expertise in functional imaging, eating behaviors, and clinical pediatric research. First, the investigators will observe the differences in children's eating behaviors after being exposed to food commercials or non-food commercials. Second, the investigators will measure the difference in child brain response to high and low energy foods after being exposed to food commercials or non-food commercials. These data will allow us to identify which areas of the brain are specifically affected by exposure to food commercials and correlate activity in these areas with children's measured food intake in the laboratory. Children ages 7-9 will participate in this 5-visit study which will be completed over the course of 12 months. Understanding how food advertisements impact children's brain responses and subsequent eating behaviors will have implications for understanding why some children respond differently to these cues than others. These outcomes may also inform the development of more effective programs and policies to prevent childhood obesity.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
88

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • University Park, Pennsylvania, United States, 16802
        • The Pennsylvania State University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

7 years to 9 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Children ages 7-9 years old

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Right-handed
  • English as native language
  • Reading at/above grade level
  • Not Claustrophobic
  • Generally Healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Left-handedness
  • Metal in or on body that cannot be removed
  • Claustrophobic
  • Medication usage that may alter brain activity or blood flow
  • Medical disorder that may impact comfort or safety in MRI scanner
  • Food allergies

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response to high and low energy foods following food commercial priming
Time Frame: Collected at fMRI scan at week 4 or 5 (randomized)
Whole-brain response to food images varied by 2 levels of energy viewed in 2 conditions
Collected at fMRI scan at week 4 or 5 (randomized)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response to high and low energy foods following toy commercial priming
Time Frame: Collected at fMRI scan at week 4 or 5 (randomized)
Energy intake of foods consumed ad libitum at each laboratory test-meal in 3 conditions
Collected at fMRI scan at week 4 or 5 (randomized)
Baseline Energy Intake
Time Frame: Collected at week 1 of the study
Energy intake of foods consumed ad libitum at laboratory test-meal with no priming stimulus
Collected at week 1 of the study
Energy Intake following food commercials
Time Frame: Collected at week 2 or 3 (randomized) of the study
Energy intake of foods consumed ad libitum at laboratory test-meal following food commercials priming
Collected at week 2 or 3 (randomized) of the study
Energy Intake following toy commercials
Time Frame: Collected at week 2 or 3 (randomized) of the study
Energy intake of foods consumed ad libitum at laboratory test-meal following toy priming stimulus
Collected at week 2 or 3 (randomized) of the study

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Region of Interest (ROI)-response to food type by condition
Time Frame: Collected at fMRI scans at weeks 4 and 5 of study
Response in selected regions of interest to images varied by 2 levels of energy viewed in 2 conditions
Collected at fMRI scans at weeks 4 and 5 of study

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Height
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Height in cm measured by stadiometer
Collected at week 1
Appetitive traits
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Parent-reported questionnaire of habitual eating styles in children
Collected at week 1
Television and Internet use and exposure
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Parent and child reported questionnaires of television and internet use and exposure to shows and commercials
Collected at week 1
BMI-z score
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
BMI-z score calculated using age, sex, weight, and height
Collected at week 1
Liking and Wanting of Foods
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Ratings to how much child likes and wants specific foods used in the test meals on child friendly computerized rating scale
Collected at week 1
Pubertal Development
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Parent reported pubertal development through questionnaire
Collected at week 1
Parental feeding strategies
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Parent-reported measures of feeding practices
Collected at week 1
Weight
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Weight in kg measured by standard digital scale
Collected at week 1
Body Fat Percentage
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Body Fat Percentage assessed by Bio Electrical Impedance Scale
Collected at week 1
BMI
Time Frame: Collected at week 1
Calculated from height and weight (kg/m^2)
Collected at week 1

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Penn State University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 1, 2016

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 1, 2017

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 24, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 26, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 2, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 13, 2021

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 11, 2021

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • CommercialEating01

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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