The Effect of Whitening Toothpaste on Tooth Color Associated With Bleaching Process

October 7, 2017 updated by: Hao Yu, Fujian Medical University

Does Use of a Whitening Dentifrice Improve the Efficiency of In-office Tooth Bleaching Procedures? A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to investigate the effect of whitening dentifrices on the clinical efficiency of in-office tooth bleaching procedures.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Sixty-three eligible participants (29 males and 34 females, mean age 26.1 years) with at least one maxillary tooth demonstrating shade A3 or darker will be recruited and randomly allocated into 3 groups (n = 21), according to the different dentifrices used in this clinical trial: Crest Total (regular dentifrice) for group C, Crest 3D Whitening (conventional whitening dentifrice) for group CW, and Close Up White Now (whitening dentifrice containing blue covarine) for group CU. All participants will receive in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost PF 40%) for the maxillary anterior teeth (2 sessions, with a 1-week interval). The participants will be instructed to use only the provided dentifrices and toothbrushes to brush their teeth twice daily over a 4-week period. Colour parameters (CIE L*, a*, b*) will be measured with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0) at baseline (T1), after the first bleaching session (T2), after the second bleaching session (T3), 1 week after the completion of in-office bleaching (T4), and 3 weeks after the completion of in-office bleaching (T5). The colour differences (ΔE) and whiteness index (W) will also be calculated. The data will be statistically analysed through repeated ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
63

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Fujian
      • Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350004
        • Fujian Medical University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years to 56 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • patients between 18 and 60 years of age, with fully erupted upper and lower incisors and canines without dental or periodontal disease or restorations, and with at least one maxillary tooth presenting color score A3 or darker, as measured with the Vita Classical guide (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sa ̈ ckingen, Germany) ordered by brightness

Exclusion Criteria:

  • patients with systemic diseases or oral mucosal disorders, previous bleaching treatment, patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, pregnant women, people with known allergy to the product ingredients, smokers, and alcohol abusers.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Conventional Whitening dentifrice
in-office bleaching with the conventional whitening dentifrice
Combination product: in-office bleaching with the conventional whitening dentifrice
Participants will receive in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost PF 40%) for the maxillary anterior teeth (2 sessions, with a 1-week interval). During the tooth bleaching procedure and 3 weeks after the procedure, the participants will be instructed to brush their teeth twice with the conventional whitening dentifrice.
Experimental: Whitening dentifrice containing blue covarine
in-office bleaching with the whitening dentifrice containing blue covarine
Combination product: in-office bleaching with the whitening dentifrice containing blue covarine
Participants will receive in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost PF 40%) for the maxillary anterior teeth (2 sessions, with a 1-week interval). During the tooth bleaching procedure and 3 weeks after the procedure, the participants will be instructed to brush their teeth twice with the whitening dentifrice containing blue covarine.
Experimental: Regular dentifrice
in-office bleaching with the regular dentifrice
Combination product: in-office bleaching with the regular dentifrice
Participants will receive in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost PF 40%) for the maxillary anterior teeth (2 sessions, with a 1-week interval). During the tooth bleaching procedure and 3 weeks after the procedure, the participants will be instructed to brush their teeth twice with the regular dentifrice.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in tooth colour
Time Frame: 4 weeks
Colour parameters (CIE L*, a*, b*) will be measured with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade Advance 4.0). The color alteration after each session will be given by the differences between the values obtained at the sessions and the baseline (∆E).
4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in tooth whiteness
Time Frame: 4 weeks
The whiteness index will be registered at the sessions and the baseline.
4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Fujian Medical University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hao Yu, Fujian Medical University, China

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 18, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 2, 2017

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 24, 2017

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 16, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 19, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 22, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 10, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 7, 2017

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
October 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 20170318

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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