Optimizing Hospital-to-home Transitions for Older Adults With Stroke and Multimorbidity

March 22, 2023 updated by: McMaster University

Optimizing Hospital-to-home Transitions for Older Adults With Stroke and Multimorbidity: A Pragmatic Trial of an Outpatient-based Virtual Transitional Care Intervention

Stroke is the leading cause of death and adult disability in Canada. Sixty percent of these older adults (> 65 years) will return to their homes after a stroke and will require ongoing rehabilitation. About 92% of older adults have two or more chronic conditions. These patients often require services from a number of providers in a number of settings and are therefore, susceptible to fragmented health care when transitioning from hospital to home. New interventions are needed to improve the quality of care as patients move from hospital to home after a stroke. The proposed research project will examine the impact of a new intervention on patient/caregiver health, patient/caregiver and provider experience and costs, compared to usual health care services. The new intervention will be coordinated by a system navigator and consists of four core components: 1) development of a comprehensive discharge plan, 2) up to 6 home visits (supported by phone calls) by an interprofessional outpatient team, 3) monthly case conferences including the interprofessional care team who will discuss and focus on the patient's goals and care needs, and 4) linkages to other healthcare and community services. This multidisciplinary project will build on our previous study, which provided the groundwork for further study of this new intervention.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The overall purpose of this pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to adapt, implement and evaluate a novel person- and family-centred Transitional Care Stroke Intervention (TCSI) for older adults (> 55 years) with stroke and multimorbidity (>2 chronic conditions) and their caregivers. The TCSI is a theory- and evidence-based 6-month intervention designed to improve the health, experience, and quality of transitioning from hospital-to-home for this vulnerable population. An effectiveness-implementation hybrid type I design will be used, which will focus primarily on examining the effectiveness of the TCSI on quadruple aim outcomes: (i) patient and caregiver health outcomes, (ii) patient and caregiver experience, (iii) provider/manager experience, and (iv) patient healthcare service use costs, and will also evaluate implementation outcomes (e.g., barriers, facilitators, fidelity). Our earlier pre-post study provided evidence to support the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of the TCSI on reducing hospital readmissions and emergency department visits (for any cause). These improvements were achieved at no additional cost. The key components of the TCSI in this earlier study included home visits supported by telephone calls by an interprofessional team (IP), patient-centered care planning, and care coordination/recruitment. The following enhancements to the TCSI will be included in the trial: 1) integrating the navigator role across the care continuum, 2) testing the TCSI with a larger sample and more rigorous (RCT) design, 3) enhancing patient self-management, and 4) evaluating the impact of the intervention on caregiver health outcomes and experience. These improvements alongside the inclusion of additional evaluation measures will enable rigorous evaluation of the TCSI and position it for future scale-up and spread

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
90

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • Ontario
      • Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L8
        • Hamilton Health Sciences
      • Saint Catherines, Ontario, Canada
        • Hotel Dieu Shaver

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

55 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • age 55 years or greater
  • hospitalized for stroke and receiving in-patient rehabilitation
  • diagnosed with at least 2 or more chronic conditions
  • will be discharged to the community from in-patient rehabilitation (not hospital or long-term care)
  • not planning to move out of the study catchment area in the next 6 months
  • referred to outpatient stroke rehabilitation services
  • capable of providing informed consent, or have a substitute decision-maker who is capable and able to provide informed consent on his/her behalf
  • competent in English, or has an interpreter who is competent in English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • less than 55 years of age
  • fewer than two chronic conditions
  • planned discharge to hospital or long-term care facility
  • cognitively impaired with no substitute decision maker who is capable to provide consent
  • not competent in English with no interpreter

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Transitional Care Stroke Intervention (TCSI)
Participants randomly assigned to the intervention group will be offered the intervention in addition to usual care provided by in-patient and outpatient stroke rehabilitation services. The TCSI is a 6-month stroke transitional care intervention, provided in addition to usual stroke care, that includes four core components: comprehensive hospital discharge plan, structured home visits and telephone support, monthly intraprofessional case conferences, and linkages to primary care and other healthcare and community services. The TCSI will be delivered by an interprofessional team of care providers at the study site, including an occupational therapist, registered nurse, speech language pathologist, physical therapist, and social worker from a hospital-based outpatient stroke rehabilitation setting.
Other: Transitional Care Stroke Intervention (TCSI)

Core components:

  1. Comprehensive Hospital Discharge Plan. The Care Coordinator will meet with staff in the in-patient unit along with patients and their caregivers to develop and implement a comprehensive discharge plan.
  2. Structured home visits and telephone support. As part of the structured home visits and telephone support, a member of the IP team will provide up to 6 home visits over 6 months. The team will provide: screening and assessment; medication review and reconciliation; self-management support; education; and caregiver assessment.
  3. Monthly IP case conferences. 6 monthly IP team case conferences will be held to discuss goals identified by the patient, collectively develop a plan of care, and identify needs.
  4. Linkages to services. Facilitate timely follow-up with the primary care provider and build relationships with local health and social service providers. These referrals and links will provide the foundation for continued use post-intervention.
No Intervention: Control
Usual care provided by in-patient and out-patient stroke rehabilitation services.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Any hospital readmission for any cause within 6 months
Time Frame: 6-months
The Health and Social Services Utilization Inventory (HSSUI) will be used to identify patients with any readmission to hospital for any cause within 6 months from study enrolment. The HSSUI is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire that measures the use of health and social services from a societal perspective. The question in the HSSUI pertaining to any hospital readmission for any cause will be: "Have you been readmitted to the hospital in the past 6-months?" (Yes / No).
6-months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in health-related quality of life - mental health
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Short-Form 12 Health Survey Version 2 (SF-12v2) tool will be used to assess change in mental health. The tool consists of 12 questions that measure functional health and well-being from the participant's perspective. It provides scores for eight health domains (physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, social functioning, role-emotional, mental health) by which a psychometrically-based physical component summary and mental component summary score can be calculated. Response options include the frequency of feeling a certain way or behaviour across 3 or 5 categories (e.g., 'all of the time'). Total scale range 0-100. Higher scores represent a better mental health - health-related quality of life. This will be assessed in patients and caregivers.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in health-related quality of life - physical health
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Short-Form 12 Health Survey Version 2 (SF-12v2) tool will be used to assess change in physical health. The tool consists of 12 questions that measure functional health and well-being from the participant's perspective. It provides scores for eight health domains (physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, social functioning, role-emotional, mental health) by which a psychometrically-based physical component summary and mental component summary score can be calculated. Response options include the frequency of feeling a certain way or behaviour across 3 or 5 categories (e.g., 'all of the time'). Total scale range 0-100. Higher scores represent a better physical health - health-related quality of life. This will be assessed in patients and caregivers.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in self-efficacy
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SSEQ) will be used to assess change in self-efficacy of the patient. The SSEQ is a 13-item self-report scale measuring self-efficacy judgements in specific domains of functioning post stroke. Individuals rate their belief in their ability to achieve each of the 13 items on a 10-point scale, where 0 = not at all confident to 10 = very confident. A higher score represents a higher self-efficacy. This will be measured in patients.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in depressive symptoms
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Center for Epidemiologic Studies on Depression 10-Item Scale (CES-D-10) will be used to assess change in depressive symptoms and symptom severity. This tool has been used in prior studies of older adults with mood disorders, has a high degree of reliability and validity, distinguishes between depressed and non-depressed people, and is a sensitive tool for measuring changes in depressive symptoms over time in psychiatric populations. Participants will be asked about the way they have felt or behaved in response to 10 statements such as 'I was happy'. Response options ask participants to select the frequency they have felt or behaved during the last week, ranging from 'rarely or none of the time (less than 1 day)', 'some or a little of the time (1-2 days)', 'occasionally or moderate (3-4 days)', to 'most or all of the time (5-7 days)'. Scale range: 0 - 30. Higher scores represent more depressive symptoms. This will be measured in patients.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in anxiety
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item (GAD-7) will be used to assess change in anxiety symptoms and severity of symptoms. The GAD-7 is a 7-item tool that asks about the type and frequency of being bothered by a list of problems. Response options include 'not at all', 'several days', 'more than half the days', or 'nearly every', over the last two weeks. Scale range: 0 - 21. Higher scores represent more anxiety. This will be measured in patients.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in stroke physical function
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Stroke Impact Scale (SIS-16) will be used to assess change in physical functional capacity following stroke. The SIS is a self-report questionnaire that evaluates disability and health-related quality of life following stroke. Scores range from 16 to 80, with a higher score indicating a higher level of functional capacity. This will be measured in patients.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in community integration
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ) will be used to assess change in level of integration in community. The CIQ consists of 15 items relevant to home integration (H), social integration (S), and productive activities (P). Scores range from 0-29 with a higher score indicating a higher level of community integration. This will be measured in patients.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in use of health and social services
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The HSSUI will be used to assess change in use of health and social services of patients and caregivers. The HSSUI is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire that measures the use of health and social services, from a societal perspective. The HSSUI provides information on different categories of use including acute care service use such as emergency department visits and hospitalizations, use of nursing and allied health professionals, and visits to family doctors and specialists. Change in the use of health and social services will be assessed for patients and caregivers using the HSSUI.
Baseline; 6 months
Change in caregiver strain
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Modified Caregiver Strain Index (MCSI) will be used to assess change in caregiver strain. This tool will ask caregivers a list of 13 activities that they may have found to be difficult such as sleeping, physical strain, financial strain, personal plans, and work and family adjustments as a result of the caregiver role. Response options include 'yes' according to two levels, either 'yes, on a regular basis' or 'yes, sometimes', or alternatively, 'no'. Scale range: 0 - 26. Higher scores represent more strain. This will be assessed in caregivers.
Baseline; 6 months
Relative risk of any hospital readmission for any cause within 6 months
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
The Health and Social Services Utilization Inventory (HSSUI) will be used to assess any readmission to hospital for any cause (patient). The HSSUI is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire that measures the use of health and social services from a societal perspective. The HSSUI provides information on different categories of use including acute care service use such as emergency department visits and hospitalizations, use of nursing and allied health professionals, and visits to family doctors and specialists. The relative risk of any hospitalization within six months for any cause will be examined for patients in the intervention group compared to patients in the control group.
Baseline; 6 months
Time to any hospital readmission for any cause within 6 months
Time Frame: Baseline; 6 months
Data from the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES) will be used to assess the time to any hospital readmission for any cause for patients. The Hospital Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) within IC/ES will be used to measure readmission.
Baseline; 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
McMaster University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation
Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
Canadian Frailty Network
Health Quality Ontario

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Maureen Markle-Reid, PhD, McMaster University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 30, 2020

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 28, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 5, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 5, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 19, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 20, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 23, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 22, 2023

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • CIHR-419061

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data will not be made available to other researchers.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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