Nano-SMART: Nanoparticles With MR Guided SBRT in Centrally Located Lung Tumors and Pancreatic Cancer

May 12, 2026 updated by: Jonathan Leeman, MD, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Nano-SMART: An Adaptive Phase I-II Trial of AGuIX Gadolinium-based Nanoparticles With Stereotactic Magnetic Resonance-guided Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Centrally Located Lung Tumors and Locally Advanced Unresectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

This research study is being done to help determine the safety and efficacy of gadolinium based nanoparticle, Activation and Guidance of Irradiation X (AGuIX), used in conjunction with MR-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of pancreatic cancer and lung tumors.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This is a seamless phase I/II trial with two separate disease groups/cohorts (centrally located lung tumors and locally advanced/unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-LAPC). The Phase I part is determining for each disease group a safe dose-level that will be evaluated in the Phase II component of the study. The phase II part of the study is a randomized controlled trial that tests, for each disease group, the treatment efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in combination with AGuIX gadolinium-chelated polysiloxane based nanoparticles compared to treatment with stereotactic magnetic resonance (MR)-guided adaptive radiation therapy (SMART) alone

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved Activation and Guidance of Irradiation X (AGuIX) as a treatment for any disease.

AGuIX is a gadolinium-based nanoparticle, gadolinium is the drug used for an MR with contrast. It is believed that the AGuIX may help the radiation received work better by making a tumor more sensitive to the radiation and allowing doctors to see the tumor more clearly. AGuIX has been tested in one previous study with humans. It was found that AGuIX did make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.

The research study procedures include screening for eligibility and study treatment including evaluations and follow up visits.

Participants will receive study treatment for 5 treatment days and will be followed for a year after your treatment ends.

It is expected that about 100 people will take part in this research study.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
100

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2
  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
        • Recruiting
        • Brigham and Women's Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jonathan Leeman, MD
        • Contact:
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02115
        • Recruiting
        • Dana Farber Cancer Institute
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jonathan Leeman, MD
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients should have clinical, radiographical, cytological, or histological confirmation of NSCLC or lung or nodal metastases from another primary cancer defined as within or touching the zone of the proximal bronchial tree, defined as a volume 2 cm in all directions around the trachea and proximal bronchial tree (carina, right and left main bronchi, right and left upper lobe bronchi, intermedius bronchus, right middle lobe bronchus, lingular bronchus right and left lower lobe bronchi). Tumors that are immediately adjacent (<1 cm) to mediastinal or pericardial pleura or other radiation-sensitive organs such as the esophagus and brachial plexus also are considered central tumors and are eligible for this protocol.

OR Histologically or cytologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head, body or tail.

  • Participants must have measurable disease, defined as a lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded for non-nodal lesions and short axis for nodal lesions) as ≥20 mm with conventional techniques or as ≥10 mm with spiral CT scan, MRI, or calipers by clinical exam. See Section 11 for the evaluation of measurable disease.

Eligible NSCLC patients must have no evidence of nodal involvement (N0), and disease has to be determined unresectable by a thoracic oncologist or the patient is medically inoperable.

  • Locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer as determined by a pancreaticobiliary surgeon as part of a multidisciplinary discussion at the investigative site, including multi-phasic CT demonstrating tumor abutment of the SMA or celiac axis, SMV or PV involvement which is not resectable without vascular reconstruction.
  • Completion of at least 3 months of standard induction chemotherapy for LAPC, which should consist of either FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, or another standard combination of induction chemotherapy agent, with a washout period no longer than 10 weeks prior to first dose of study drug.
  • No evidence of distant metastasis.
  • Pancreatic or central NSCLC size ≤ 5cm.
  • Age 18 years or older.
  • ECOG performance status ≤2 (Karnofsky ≥60%, see Appendix A).
  • Ability to understand and follow the breathing instructions involved in the respiratory gating procedure.

  • Participants must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:

    • absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/mcL
    • platelets ≥100,000/mcL
    • total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
    • AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) ≤2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal
    • creatinine within normal institutional limits OR
  • Creatinine clearance ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for participants with creatinine levels above institutional normal.
  • The effects of AGuIX on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason, as well as the known teratogenic effects of radiation, women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation.
  • Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participants who have had prior radiation therapy to the chest or abdomen that would overlap with the current treatment field.
  • Participants who are receiving any other investigational agents.
  • Participants with known metastatic disease.
  • History of allergic reactions attributed to gadolinium-based IV contrast.
  • Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
  • Pregnant women are excluded from this study because AGuIX is contrast agent with the potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with AGuIX, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with AGuIX.
  • Severe claustrophobia or anxiety.
  • Known HIV-positive participants on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible because of the potential for pharmacokinetic interactions with AGuIX. In addition, these participants are at increased risk of lethal infections when treated with marrow-suppressive therapy. Appropriate studies will be undertaken in participants receiving combination antiretroviral therapy when indicated.
  • Active duodenal or gastric ulcer disease or evidence of tumor invasion of the bowel or stomach based on endoscopy.
  • Presence of a duodenal stent.

  • Unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to any of the following:

    1. Presence of MRI-incompatible metal material or devices in the human body
    2. MRI-incompatible Pacemaker or defibrillator
    3. Insulin pump
    4. Aneurysm clip
    5. Artificial heart valve
    6. Cochlear implant
    7. Shrapnel or gunshot injury
    8. Cataract surgery with implant unsafe for MRI

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: AGUIX + SMART Phase 1

Dose escalation of Activation and Guidance of Irradiation X (AGUIX) and SMART, magnetic resonance imaging (MR)-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Central lung tumor cohort will receive:

  • five fractions of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)
  • AGuIX Nanoparticle given on -7 or -14 day prior to radiation treatment, then with 1st fraction of radiation and for patients receiving radiation over a two (2) week period with the 4th fraction of radiation .

Locally advanced/unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-LAPC cohort, will receive:

five fractions of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)

  • AGuIX Nanoparticle given on -7 or -14 day prior to radiation treatment, then with 1st fraction of radiation.
Drug: AGuIX
Injected gadolinium-based nanoparticles
Radiation: Radiotherapy
Stereotactic magnetic resonance-guided adaptive radiation therapy
Experimental: AGUIX + SMART Phase 2
Randomized participants will receive recommended phase 1 dose established for their disease group (central lung tumor or locally advanced/unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-LAPC) of Activation and Guidance of Irradiation X (AGUIX) and SMART, magnetic resonance imaging (MR)-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
Drug: AGuIX
Injected gadolinium-based nanoparticles
Radiation: Radiotherapy
Stereotactic magnetic resonance-guided adaptive radiation therapy
Experimental: SMART Phase 2
Randomized participants will receive standard of care SMART, magnetic resonance imaging (MR)-guided stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).
Radiation: Radiotherapy
Stereotactic magnetic resonance-guided adaptive radiation therapy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) Phase 1
Time Frame: 3 months
Evaluated by the occurrence of Dose Limiting Toxicity (DLT) over the duration of the study using the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0
3 months
Compare Local Control at 12 months of Maximum tolerated dose MTD - Phase 2
Time Frame: 12 months
Evaluate SMART + AGuIX local control at 12 months compared to SMART alone. Local control at 12 months is defined as the treated tumor is equal to or less than the tumor volume at start of SMART. Progression would be defined per RECIST criteria
12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Progression-free survival (PFS) at Maximum tolerated dose (MTD)
Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Assessed by RECIST criteria
From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Overall Response Rate (ORR) at Maximum tolerated dose (MTD)
Time Frame: Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Assessed by RECIST criteria
Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Serious Adverse Events at 90 Days
Time Frame: 90 days
NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0 will be used.
90 days
Serious Adverse Events at 12 months
Time Frame: 12 months
NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0 will be used.
12 months
Tumor Changes
Time Frame: Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Changes in the largest diameter (unidimensional measurement) of the tumor lesions and the shortest diameter in the case of malignant lymph nodes are used in the RECIST criteria.
Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Compare disease-specific survival
Time Frame: Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Bayesian hierarchical two-sample test for binary outcomes
Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
compare R0 resection rate
Time Frame: Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Bayesian hierarchical two-sample test for binary outcomes
Enrollment through study completion, an average of 1 year
Compare overall survival
Time Frame: From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Bayesian hierarchical two-sample test for binary outcomes
From date of randomization until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Quality of Life (QoL)-Performance Status utilizing PROMIS Physical and Mental Health batteries
Time Frame: Baseline through study completion, an average of 1 year
Described using descriptive statistics and longitudinal analyses
Baseline through study completion, an average of 1 year
Quality of Life (QoL)-Completion of Daily Activities utilizing PROMIS Physical and Mental Health batteries
Time Frame: Baseline through study completion, an average of 1 year
Described using descriptive statistics and longitudinal analyses
Baseline through study completion, an average of 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
TherAguix S.A.

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Jonathan Leeman, MD, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 27, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 10, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 10, 2030

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 3, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 8, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 9, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 12, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 19-826

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

The Dana-Farber / Harvard Cancer Center encourages and supports the responsible and ethical sharing of data from clinical trials. De-identified participant data from the final research dataset used in the published manuscript may only be shared under the terms of a Data Use Agreement. Requests may be directed to: [contact information for Sponsor Investigator or designee]. The protocol and statistical analysis plan will be made available on Clinicaltrials.gov only as required by federal regulation or as a condition of awards and agreements supporting the research.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Data can be shared no earlier than 1 year following the date of publication

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Contact the Belfer Office for Dana-Farber Innovations (BODFI) at innovation@dfci.harvard.edu

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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