Fatigue in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

September 28, 2026 updated by: Koray Ayar, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital

The Level of Fatigue and Its Relationship With Disease Activity, Pain, Insomnia, and Psychometric Parameters in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

Fatigue is a common clinical finding in Primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS). In PSS, there is not enough data about the conditions in which fatigue develops and which clinical conditions the disease is associated with. This study was aimed to determine the level of fatigue in Primary Sjögren syndrome and to investigate the factors affecting the level of fatigue.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

While fatigue is seen with a prevalence of 7-8% in the normal population, it is more prevalent in Primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS). In the studies conducted so far, the frequency of fatigue was seen at a frequency of over 30% in Primary Sjögren's syndrome. Although fatigue is so common in PSS, there is not enough data about the conditions in which fatigue develops in PSS. Other common conditions in PSS, apart from fatigue, are psychometric disorders such as common pain, depression and anxiety, and sleep disorders. In the studies conducted so far, each situation mentioned is common in PSS and seems to be related to each other. In the literature, there is no data on how many psychometric parameters, pain level, and insomnia affect fatigue and which are independent risk factors in PSS.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
110

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

N/A

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Volunteers who were followed up with a diagnosis of PSS in the center where the study was conducted and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients diagnosed with PSS according to the 2016 ACR / EULAR criteria
  • Healthy hospital staff

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant women
  • Cancer patients
  • Those with other connective tissue diseases other than PSS
  • Multiple sclerosis patients
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • Those with heart failure and adrenal insufficiency
  • Those with renal failure: GFR <60 ml/min
  • Anemia: Hemoglobin <11 g / dl in women, hemoglobin <12 g / dl in men
  • Hypothyroidism: TSH >5 mu / L
  • Those with electrolyte disturbance

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: CASE_CONTROL
  • Time Perspectives: PROSPECTIVE

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome

The patient's diagnosed with Primary Sjögren's according to 2016 ACR/EULAR classification criteria
Diagnostic test: FACT-F questionnaire

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of fatique is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Beck Depression Inventory

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of depression is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Beck Anxiety Inventory

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of anxiety is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Insomnia severity index.

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of insomnia is investigated in participants.

Other: ESSPRI

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the severity of Sjögren's syndrome is investigated in participants.

Other: ESSDAI

Activity scale in which the activity of Sjögren's syndrome is evaluated based on the laboratory and imaging tests of the patients and the examination findings of the evaluator.

Other: Pain Detect Questionnaire

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the severity and extent of pain in the body are investigated in participants.
Healthy Controls

Healthy hospital workers without any chronic disease
Diagnostic test: FACT-F questionnaire

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of fatique is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Beck Depression Inventory

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of depression is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Beck Anxiety Inventory

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of anxiety is investigated in participants.

Diagnostic test: Insomnia severity index.

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the presence of insomnia is investigated in participants.

Other: Pain Detect Questionnaire

The questionnaire, based on patient report outcome data in which the severity and extent of pain in the body are investigated in participants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
FACIT-F
Time Frame: day 1

FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC ILLNESS THERAPY-FATİQUE
day 1

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
BDI
Time Frame: day 1

Beck Depression Inventory
day 1
BAI
Time Frame: day 1

Beck Anxiety Inventory
day 1
ISS
Time Frame: day 1

Insomnia Severity Scale
day 1
PDQ
Time Frame: day 1

Pain Detect Questionnaire
day 1

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Koray Ayar, M.D., Univesity of Health Science, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 4, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 30, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 30, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 14, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 14, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 17, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 28, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2011-KAEK-25 2020/12-10

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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