Acute Effect of MMT Peel Powder on Glycemic Response, Satiety, and Food Intake in Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

March 15, 2024 updated by: Ong Ying Qian, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

Acute Effect of Melon Manis Terengganu Peel Powder on Glycemic Response, Satiety, and Food Intake in Adults at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes

Open-label, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study with two intervention arms. The study was conducted in 30 respondents and the primary objective is to show an improved glycemic response after Melon Manis Terengganu (MMT) peel powder consumption in people at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The main aim of the study is to investigate the acute effect of MMT peel powder on glycemic response in people at risk of type 2 diabetes. Besides, the acute effect of MMT peel powder on perceived satiety and energy intake were explored.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
36

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Malaysia
    • Terengganu
      • Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia, 21300
        • Food Preparation and Therapeutic Diet Lab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 59 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Modified Finnish Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (FINDRISC) score ≥ 4
  • Capillary fasting blood glucose (FBG) < 7.0 mmol/L
  • Malaysian
  • Live, work or study in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
  • Both gender
  • Age 18 to 59 years old
  • Non-smoker
  • Those taking supplement agree to undergo washout period of one week

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Had clinical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
  • Capillary FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L
  • Take oral antidiabetic agents
  • Participate in other weight management programme or interventional research
  • On a prescribed medical diet
  • GI illnesses or conditions
  • Allergy or sensitivity to study products
  • Pregnant, currently breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant
  • On dietary restrictions
  • Smoker

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Formulation 3
Formulated MMT peel powder (provide 5 g dietary fiber per day)
Other: Formulation 3
Respondents were consumed 36 g of Formulation 3 containing 4.5 g of available carbohydrate dissolved in 180 ml water with study breakfast
Other Names:
  • Formulated MMT peel powder
Placebo Comparator: Control
Glucose
Other: Control
Respondents were consumed 4.5 g of control containing 4.5 g of available carbohydrate dissolved in 180 ml water with study breakfast
Other Names:
  • Glucose

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Blood Glucose Levels
Time Frame: Baseline (0 min), 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes on Day 1 and Day 4 of both study visits
Blood glucose were measured using glucometer (Accu Chek Performa, New South Wales, Australia) from finger-prick blood samples according to the standard operating procedure at baseline (0 min), 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes.
Baseline (0 min), 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes on Day 1 and Day 4 of both study visits

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Perceived Satiety (Area Under the Curve)
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Perceived satiety measurements were rated using a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS) which consisted of hunger (How hungry are you?), fullness (How full are you?), desire to eat (How strong is your desire to eat?), prospective food consumption (How much would you be able to eat right now?) and thirstiness (How thirsty are you?) (Tey, Salleh, Henry, & Forde, 2017). The scale ranged from 0 (not at all) to 10 (very much) measured at baseline (0 min), 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The area under the curve was calculated using trapezoid rule.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Food Intake
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
The respondents were asked to record all the food or drink they had consumed including sauces, soup and gravies using household measures once they woke up in the morning until they went to sleep at night.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Calories Intake
Time Frame: Day 1 and day 4 of both study visits
The respondents were asked to record all the food or drink they had consumed including sauces, soup and gravies using household measures once they woke up in the morning until they went to sleep at night.
Day 1 and day 4 of both study visits

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Body Weight (kg)
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Body weight was taken at every study visit.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Height (cm)
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Height was taken at every study visit.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m^2)
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
BMI was calculated using formula = body weight (kg)/height (m)^2
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
% Body Fat
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
% body fat was taken at every study visit.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Waist Circumference (cm)
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Waist circumference was taken at every study visit.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Blood Pressure
Time Frame: Day 1 and 4 of both study visits
Blood pressure was measured using an Omron automatic digital blood pressure monitor (Omron HEM-7221) in a seated position at all visits after 5 min of sitting.
Day 1 and 4 of both study visits

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Universiti Sains Malaysia
National University of Malaysia

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Prof Dr Sakinah Harith, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
  • Principal Investigator: Dr Norshazila Shahidan, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
  • Principal Investigator: Prof Madya Dr Mohd Razif Shahril, National University of Malaysia
  • Principal Investigator: Prof Madya Dr Hermizi Hapidin, Universiti Sains Malaysia

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 1, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 3, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 3, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 1, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 16, 2022

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 28, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 15, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • RCTOYQ

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Cookie Settings

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. For more details carefully read our Privacy and Cookies Policy. ...>>>You can change your preferences or withdraw your consent at any time by deleting the cookies from your website or computer as described in the policy. Please accept it and choose your preferences by ticking the corresponding boxes in the "Manage Settings" section below. Please carefully read our Terms of Service before you proceed with using any part of this website.
«Manage Settings