The Association of Telephone Head Tilt With Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Spine Mobility and Disorders in Young Adults

April 7, 2025 updated by: Halime ARIKAN, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University
To determine the relationship between telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility and disturbances in young adults.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Today, the fact that smartphones are easily portable and can be used for many purposes such as playing games, surfing the Internet, accessing information, shopping, and listening to music has made them widespread at an unexpected rate. This situation has brought the issue of device addiction to the agenda. Smartphone addiction can lead to many physical ailments such as visual impairment, numbness, and tingling in the hands, neck, back, hip, and knee pain. In the studies conducted, smartphone addiction was determined in university students and this situation was found to be associated with musculoskeletal pain. Considering the smartphone usage rates, durations, and smartphone usage postures of young adults, it can be predicted that spinal mobility may be adversely affected and may cause spine-related disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility, and disorders in young adults. In addition, it is aimed to examine the relationship between these parameters with quality of life.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
40

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • Tokat
      • Merkez, Tokat, Turkey, 60250
        • Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Using smartphone,
  • Not having any diagnosed chronic disease,
  • No past or present mental illness,
  • Individuals who can speak, read and write Turkish.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having any neurological, psychiatric or cognitive disorder,
  • Individuals who cannot speak, read or write Turkish.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: Healthy young adults group
To assess telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility and disturbances.
Other: To assess telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility and disturbances.
To assess telephone head tilt and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility and disturbances.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Telephone head tilt
Time Frame: 1 day
Telephone head tilts of individuals will be measured with a goniometer. Individuals will be asked to sit in the position where they use the phone in daily life. The cervical 7th Vertebra (C7) and tragus will be determined and the angle between them and the vertical line will be recorded in degrees. In order to reduce the error rate of the measurement, three evaluations will be made and averaged.
1 day
Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Spine Mobility
Time Frame: 1 day
Active range of motion for cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine mobility will be measured with two bubble inclinometers (Baseline Bubble Inclinometer, White Plains, NY).
1 day
Core Outcome Measurement Index
Time Frame: 1 day
The Core Outcome Measurement Index consists of seven items that assess pain, neck-related function, symptom-specific well-being, general quality of life, and disability. Except for the questions about the patient's disability in the previous 4 weeks, all questions are about how the patient felt in the previous week. Increasing score indicates worse condition.
1 day
General quality of life assessed by Nottingham Health Profile
Time Frame: 1 day
The Nottingham Health Profile is a general quality of life questionnaire that measures a person's perceived health problems and the extent to which these problems affect normal daily activities. The questionnaire consists of 38 items. Questions are answered as 'yes' or 'no'. The questionnaire assesses six parameters related to health status. These parameters are; pain (8 items), physical activity (8 items), energy (3 items), sleep (5 items), social isolation (5 items), and emotional reactions (9 items). Each subparameter is scored between 0-100. 0 indicates best health, and 100 indicates worst health. The total NHP score is derived from the sum of the subscores.
1 day
Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire
Time Frame: 1 day
The Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire is a disease-specific self-assessment questionnaire for back pain. It consists of five subscales (social function, mental health, low back function, walking ability and low back pain) and 25 items. Each subscale score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better conditions.
1 day
The Bournemouth Questionnaire
Time Frame: 1 day
The Bournemouth Questionnaire is a multidimensional scale that evaluates pain, daily-social life, depression-anxiety, pain control and fear avoidance behaviors with seven questions. Increasing score indicates worse condition.
1 day
The Spine Functional Index
Time Frame: 1 day
The Spine Functional Index is a 25-item questionnaire completed according to the patient's functional status in the "last few days". Scores from 25 items are added together, then this score is multiplied by four and subtracted from 100 to obtain a percentage score. Increasing score indicates worse condition.
1 day

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 1, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 16, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 13, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 14, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 8, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 7, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 83116987-712

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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