Vitamin C to Decrease Effects of Smoking in Pregnancy on Infant Lung Function (VCSIP) Longer Term Follow Up (VCSIP)

March 17, 2025 updated by: Cynthia McEvoy, Oregon Health and Science University

Assessing the Effect of Vitamin C on Infant Lung Function When Given to Pregnant Women Who Smoke - (Long Term Follow-up of a Randomized Trial)

The overall aims of this protocol are to determine whether prenatal supplementation with vitamin C to pregnant smokers can improve pulmonary function at 10 years of age in their offspring. This is an additional continuation of the Vitamin C to Decrease Effects of Smoking in Pregnancy on Infant Lung Function (VCSIP) trial, to follow the offspring through 10 years of age. The hypothesis for this protocol is an extension of the VCSIP trial that supplemental vitamin C in pregnant smokers can significantly improve their children's airway function tests. The investigators aim to demonstrate sustained improvement in airway/pulmonary function and trajectory through 10 years of age.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The primary outcome of this longitudinal follow-up study is the comparison of airway function tests (specifically the forced expiratory flow between 25%and 75% of expired volume [FEF25-75]) measured yearly through 10 years of age by forced expiratory maneuvers with spirometry between the children of the pregnant smokers randomized to vitamin C (500 mg/day) versus placebo during pregnancy. The occurrence of wheeze obtained with quarterly standardized respiratory questionnaires will also be compared between the two groups of children. This is a follow-up of the original "Vitamin C to Decrease Effects of Smoking in Pregnancy on Infant Lung Function" (VCSIP) trial.

The secondary outcomes are:

  1. A single low dose high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) image of the lungs (acquired during inspiration) will be done at 10 years of age in offspring of pregnant smokers who were randomized to vitamin C (500 mg/day) versus placebo during pregnancy. Image analysis will be performed by Dr. Miranda Kirby's Quantitative Image Analysis in Medicine laboratory at Ryerson University in Toronto, ON using certified pulmonary image analysis software. The airway lumen cross sectional areas to at least the fifth generation of airways will be compared between the two groups of children. The number of airways and the lumen, wall, and total cross sectional areas and the segment lengths will also be quantified.
  2. A secondary aim is to quantify the differences in DNA methylation between the two groups and measure the correlation between the differences in DNA methylation and respiratory outcomes.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
225

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.
  • Name: Cindy McEvoy, MD, MCR
  • Phone Number: 503-494-0223
  • Email: mcevoyc@ohsu.edu

Study Contact Backup

  • Name: Kristin Milner, BS, CMA, CCRP
  • Phone Number: 503-494-0223
  • Email: milner@ohsu.edu

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46902
        • Recruiting
        • Indiana University
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Robert Tepper, MD
    • Oregon
      • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97217
        • Recruiting
        • Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU)
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Cindy McEvoy, MD

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

This is a follow up of NCT01723696. In that study, pregnant smokers were recruited at obstetric clinics delivering at OHSU in Portland OR, PeaceHealth Southwest Washington Medical Center in Vancouver, Washington or Indiana University in Indianapolis, Indiana. We are continuing to follow the offspring of those pregnant smokers (and control group non-smokers).

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women and their offspring randomized to vitamin C versus placebo during pregnancy as well as pregnant nonsmokers and their offspring enrolled as the reference group in the original VCSIP study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • participants who specifically withdraw consent

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Offspring of smokers who received Vitamin C
In the original VCSIP study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either extra Vitamin C every day (500mg/day) or placebo.
Dietary supplement: No active intervention in this protocol (previously randomized to Vitamin C)
In the original VCSIP study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either extra Vitamin C every day (500mg/day) or placebo. This trial is a follow-up trial with no active intervention.
Offspring of smokers who received Placebo
In the original VCSIP study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either extra Vitamin C every day (500mg/day) or placebo.
Other: No active intervention in this protocol (previously randomized to Placebo)
In the original VCSIP study, pregnant women were randomized to receive either extra Vitamin C every day (500mg/day) or placebo. This trial is a follow-up trial with no active intervention.
Offspring of non-smokers

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Sustained improvement in pulmonary function and trajectory
Time Frame: 10 years of age
The primary outcome of this longitudinal follow-up study is the comparison of airway function tests (specifically FEF25-75 in liters/sec) measured yearly through 10 years of age by forced expiratory maneuvers with spirometry between the children of the pregnant smokers randomized to vitamin C (500 mg/day) versus placebo during pregnancy. This is a follow-up of the original "Vitamin C to Decrease Effects of Smoking in Pregnancy on Infant Lung Function" (VCSIP) trial.
10 years of age

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Occurrence of wheeze
Time Frame: 10 years of age
The occurrence of wheeze obtained with quarterly standardized respiratory questionnaires will also be compared between the children of the pregnant smokers randomized to vitamin C (500 mg/day) versus placebo during pregnancy. This is a follow-up of the original "Vitamin C to Decrease Effects of Smoking in Pregnancy on Infant Lung Function" (VCSIP) trial.
10 years of age
Airway lumen cross sectional areas
Time Frame: 10 years of age
A single low dose high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) image of the lungs (acquired during inspiration) will be done at 10 years of age in offspring of pregnant smokers who were randomized to vitamin C (500 mg/day) versus placebo during pregnancy. Image analysis will be performed by Dr. Miranda Kirby's Quantitative Image Analysis in Medicine laboratory at Ryerson University in Toronto, ON using certified pulmonary image analysis software. The airway lumen cross sectional areas (in mm squared) to at least the fifth generation of airways will be compared between the two groups of children.
10 years of age
Changes in DNA methylation
Time Frame: 10 years of age
A secondary aim is to quantify the differences in DNA methylation between the two groups and measure the correlation between the differences in DNA methylation and respiratory outcomes.
10 years of age

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Oregon Health and Science University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Indiana University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Cindy McEvoy, MD, MCR, Oregon Health and Science University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 11, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
October 9, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 27, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 30, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 17, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • VCSIP LTFU
  • R01HL162951 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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