Interview TIME: Training Inspired Minds for Employment

March 3, 2026 updated by: Matthew Smith, University of Michigan

A Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation RCT of Virtual Interview Training for Autistic Transition-Age Youth

The purpose of the study is to see if an internet job interview training program can help people that have autism improve interview skills and access to jobs.

Participants will be randomized to use Virtual Interview Training (VIT) or continue services as usual (active control group).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Enrolling by invitation

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Participants will have assessments that will be done over the computer or in-person at school or program site. Assessments will be about participants background, employment history, mood and feelings, autistic traits, memory, mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, and other things. Some assessments will be audio and/or video recorded.

Please note that there will be teachers and staff consented (approximately n=32) to deliver the intervention, however, will not count for the clinical trial. Therefore, the information will not be added to the anticipated enrollment numbers in study design.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
200

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Oceanside, California, United States, 92054
        • Classical Academy
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92182
        • The San Diego State University
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92054
        • Outside the Lens
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92110
        • Transition Resources for Adult Community Education
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92182
        • The Institute for Effective Education
      • Spring Valley, California, United States, 91977
        • Mount Miguel High School
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60607
        • Urban Autism Solutions
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
        • University of Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48108
        • Ann Arbor Academy
      • Highland, Michigan, United States, 48357
        • Milford High School
      • Lincoln Park, Michigan, United States, 48146
        • Lincoln Park
      • White Lake, Michigan, United States, 48383
        • Lakeland High School
    • New Jersey
      • East Hanover, New Jersey, United States, 07936-3147
        • Kessler Foundation
      • Little Falls, New Jersey, United States, 07424
        • Banyan High School
      • Paramus, New Jersey, United States, 07652
        • Alpine Learning Group

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Participants have a diagnosis on the autism spectrum
  • Participants are enrolled in pre-employment transition services
  • Participants have at least a third-grade reading level
  • Are unemployed or employed and job-seeking

Exclusion Criteria:

- Not enrolled in pre-employment transition services

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Virtual Interview Training
Behavioral: Virtual Interview Training (VIT)
Teachers will administer the intervention (Virtual Interview Training) with the student participants. University of Michigan research staff will train all teachers (including sites in California) and will provide support as necessary throughout the intervention delivery process. Surveys will be captures several times throughout delivery as delivery is expected to be anywhere between 4 to 6 weeks long.
Active Comparator: Services-as-usual
Behavioral: Services-as-usual
Participants will receive services-as-usual at participants school or program for approximately 6 weeks. Those that are in the active control group will receive access to the e-learning content of the Rita/Travis intervention (not the practice interviews) and will be able to review the e-learning content with teacher's supervision. In addition, this group will review a series of video conversations with autistic adults about navigating the pathway to a career. Surveys will be collected at different time points after randomization.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Competitive Employment based on self-report employment surveys
Time Frame: Approximately 9 months after randomization
Self-report employment surveys completed. Employment will be tracked as 0 (no job) and 1 (job). Higher scores indicate a better outcome.
Approximately 9 months after randomization
Change in Job Interview Skills from Mock Interview Rating Scale (MIRS)
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Interviewing skills will be measured using a role-play measure in which subjects act out two job interview scenarios with trained actors. Interviews will be video recorded and scored. There is one pre-test score and one post-test score. There are 15 questions on a scale from 1 to 7 (scores range from 15 to 105), with higher scores indicating a better outcome (better interview skills).
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Time to Employment
Time Frame: Approximately 9 months after randomization
The number of days between randomization and obtaining employment using a questionnaire.
Approximately 9 months after randomization

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Interview Anxiety using a modified version of the brief Personal Report of Public Speaking Apprehension (PRSPA)
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
This is a 13 item self-report using a modified version of the brief Personal Report of Public Speaking Apprehension (PRSPA). After reviewing the brief PRSPA, the study team selected and reframed 13 items using a three-point Likert-type scale (0 = "not at all," 1 = "sometimes," and 2 = "often"). Higher scores indicated higher anxiety, and scores could range from 0 to 26.
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in Interview Motivation
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
This is a 10 item self-report using a five-point Likert scale (1 = Not at all true, 5 = Very true). Higher scores indicate higher job interview motivation, a better outcome, and scores range from 10 to 50)
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in Work Readiness using the Work Readiness Scale (WRS)
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in work readiness using the Work Readiness Scale (WRS) which is a 13 item self-report using a five-point Likert scale (1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree) with higher scores indicating a higher readiness to work, a positive outcome. Scores range from 13 to 65.
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in Work Motivation using the Work Motivation Scale (WMS)
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in work motivation using the Work Motivation Scale (WMS) which is a 12-item self-report using a four-point Likert scale (1 = Disagree to 4 = Strongly Agree) with higher scores indicating a higher motivation to work, a better outcome. Scores range from 13 to 52.
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in Social Cognition using the Bell-Lysaker Emotion Recognition Task Adult (BLERT-A)
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in social cognition using the Bell-Lysaker Emotion Recognition Task Adult (BLERT-A). There are 21 videos shown to participants and are scored as either correct (1) or incorrect (0). A total score is provided and can range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating a higher social cognition ability, a better outcome.
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in Interview Knowledge
Time Frame: Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)
Change in interview knowledge by using a 10-item survey designed to assess basic knowledge about job interviews. There are multiple choice questions, and answers are marked as either correct (1) or incorrect (0). Higher scores indicate better interview knowledge, a positive outcome. Scores range from 0 to 10.
Pre-Test (baseline), post-test (approximately 6 weeks)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Michigan

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Matthew Smith, University of Michigan

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 1, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 26, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 26, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 4, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 5, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 3, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • HUM00236812
  • 1R01MH132656-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

Survey data from the randomized control trial (RCT) participants will be deposited into the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Data Archive repository. This will include basic demographic information and self reported data from validated measures that can be found within the NIMH Data Archive Repository's data dictionaries. Identifiable information will not be available for access.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

The data will be made available within 6 months of the study's conclusion and will remain available for at least 5 years.

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

According to the NIMH Data Archive Repository, researchers who want to access the data may create a username and password and submit a Data Access Request for permission to access the data. Please see the following website for more details: https://nda.nih.gov/nda/access-data-info

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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