Effects of Cognitive-motor Training on Cognition, Depression and Daily Functioning in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

March 8, 2024 updated by: Guillermo Palacios, Universidad de Zaragoza

Effects of Cognitive-motor Training on Cognition, Depression and Daily Functioning in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) application (focused on a daily activity) to train cognitive functions and its impact on depression and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). With a dose of two sessions per week during six weeks, the study showed significant improvements in cognitive functions and reduction in depression, with notable effects in the experimental group. This underscores the potential of IVR as a valuable tool in the management of MCI.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Background:

The increase in cases of MCI underlines the urgency of finding effective methods to slow its progression. Given the limited effectiveness of current pharmacological options to prevent or treat the early stages of this deterioration, non-pharmacological alternatives are especially relevant.

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) application, focused on an activity of daily living (ADL), to train cognitive functions and its impact on depression and the ability to perform ADL in patients with MCI. IVR is presented as an innovative tool with the potential to offer a promising non-pharmacological approach.

Methods:The researchers implemented a 40-minute-long intervention, twice a week for six weeks (totaling 12 sessions), using the cupboard task (based on IVR). The study included the participation of individuals with MCI, randomly distributed into control (n=12) and experimental (n=14) groups. The majority in the control group were women (75%), with a mean age of 77.67 years, and in the experimental group, women represented 57.14%, with a mean age of 74.86 years. Cognitive functions, depression, and the ability to perform ADLs were assessed. The scales used were: the Spanish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-S), the Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-S) and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. (IADL-S), respectively.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
26

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Spain
      • Teruel, Spain, 44003
        • University of Zaragoza

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 65 or older
  • Community-dwelling, not in nursing homes
  • Physically functional
  • Understanding and voluntary consent
  • Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
  • MoCA score of 19-25

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Clinical dementia diagnosis
  • MoCA ≤ 18 indicating probable dementia
  • Neurological disorders including stroke or TBI in the last year
  • History of mental/psychiatric disorders
  • Substance abuse
  • Difficulty using VR headset and controllers
  • Medical conditions affecting trial participation
  • Visual/hearing impairments
  • Communication difficulties

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Control group
Other: motor stimulation
motor stimulation for 12 sessions (20 minutes per session)
Other: cognitive training via paper and pencil
20 minutes per session, twice a week for six weeks (totaling 12 sessions), using cards.
Experimental: Experimental group
Device: cognitive training via immersive virtual reality
20 minutes per session, twice a week for six weeks (totaling 12 sessions), using the cupboard task application.
Other: motor stimulation
motor stimulation for 12 sessions (20 minutes per session)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Spanish version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-S)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Scores in the MoCA-S scale. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
6 weeks
Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-S)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Scores in the SGDS scale. Higher scores mean a worse outcome.
6 weeks
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL-S)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Scores in the IADL scale. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Universidad de Zaragoza

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Guillermo Palacios, PhD, Universidad de Zaragoza

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 3, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 14, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 14, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 1, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 8, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 15, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
March 15, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 8, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • UTI-IIDI-074-2023

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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