Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Guided Cryobiopsy in the Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease

September 3, 2026 updated by: Gang Hou, China-Japan Friendship Hospital

The Diagnostic Performance and Safety of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Guided Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy in the Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease: a Randomised Controlled Trial

This prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial compares pCLE-guided TBLC with conventional TBLC in patients with suspected interstitial lung disease. The study evaluates whether pCLE guidance improves diagnostic performance and procedural safety, with outcomes including final diagnosis and biopsy-related complications.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Patients with suspected ILD undergo multidisciplinary evaluation before enrollment and are included when clinical and HRCT findings are insufficient for a definitive diagnosis and histopathological assessment by TBLC is considered necessary. Participants are randomized 1:1 to pCLE-guided TBLC or conventional TBLC. In both groups, biopsy targets are selected according to HRCT and multidisciplinary assessment, and TBLC is performed following established recommendations. In the pCLE-guided group, pCLE is additionally used within the predefined target area before biopsy to assist selection of suitable sampling sites. Histopathological assessment is performed by blinded pulmonary pathologists, and final diagnoses are established through post-biopsy multidisciplinary discussion integrating clinical, radiological, bronchoscopic, and pathological information.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
430

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
      • Beijing, China
        • China-Japan Friendship Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Eligibility Criteria：

  1. adults with suspected interstitial lung disease (ILD).
  2. Clinical and HRCT findings insufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis.
  3. Histopathological evaluation by TBLC considered necessary after multidisciplinary discussion.
  4. Age ≥18 years
  5. Written informed consent provided.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Contraindications to bronchoscopy or TBLC.
  2. Severe hypoxemia or uncontrolled bleeding risk.
  3. Severe pulmonary hypertension or unstable cardiopulmonary disease.
  4. Active infection.
  5. Pregnancy.
  6. Inability to provide informed consent.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: pCLE-guided group
Patients assigned to this group undergo transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) with probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) guidance. Before bronchoscopy, the target lobe and bronchial segment are determined according to high-resolution computed tomography findings and multidisciplinary evaluation. During the procedure, pCLE is performed within the predefined target region to assess the distal lung parenchyma and assist in selecting an appropriate biopsy site. The pCLE probe is advanced into the distal lung parenchyma for assessment. After pCLE evaluation, TBLC is performed with the cryoprobe positioned approximately 1-2 cm from the pleura. Areas considered suitable for tissue sampling are preferentially selected while potentially unfavorable regions are avoided when feasible. After pCLE assessment, the probe is withdrawn and TBLC is performed at the selected site according to standard procedures.
Procedure: pCLE-guided transbronchial lung cryobiopsy
Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy is used before TBLC to assist biopsy-site selection within the predefined target region.
Experimental: Fluoroscopy-guided TBLC
Patients assigned to this group undergo fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC). Before bronchoscopy, the target lobe and bronchial segment are determined according to high-resolution computed tomography findings and multidisciplinary evaluation. TBLC is performed within the predefined target region in accordance with published international expert consensus recommendations. Biopsy specimens are subsequently evaluated by histopathology and multidisciplinary discussion.
Procedure: Fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial lung cryobiopsy
TBLC is performed at biopsy sites selected according to conventional clinical and radiological assessment without pCLE guidance.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
MDD diagnostic yield after TBLC
Time Frame: 6 months
MDD diagnostic yield after TBLC, defined as the proportion of participants with a specific final diagnosis established by post-biopsy MDD.
6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Occurrence of operation-related complications
Time Frame: 6 months
Final diagnostic categories, biopsy specimen characteristics, bleeding severity and volume, hemostatic interventions, pneumothorax, and mortality within 7 days after TBLC.
6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
China-Japan Friendship Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 3, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 20, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 27, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 16, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 16, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 19, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 8, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 3, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2022YFC2404404-1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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