Randomized Trial of Glutathione With Anti-PD-1 and Chemotherapy in Advanced NSCLC

August 6, 2025 updated by: Yi Zhang, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University

Prospective, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Glutathione Combined With PD-1 Antibody and Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Chemotherapeutic agents exert significant immunomodulatory effects by influencing tumor-infiltrating immune cells. However, the sequence and combination of chemotherapy regimens differentially modulate immune cell dynamics, ultimately impacting treatment efficacy and patient survival. Glutathione, a critical bioactive molecule, demonstrates broad potential in tumor immunotherapy. Through mechanisms such as scavenging free radicals, modulating immune cell proliferation and differentiation, and regulating cytokine expression, glutathione achieves precise modulation of immune responses to enhance immune system functionality. To investigate whether glutathione can enhance the clinical efficacy of current chemo-immunotherapy regimens in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), investigators conducted this clinical study.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
80

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Henan
      • ZhengZhou, Henan, China, 450052
        • Recruiting
        • The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma.
  2. Documented disease progression following first-line chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy.
  3. Age ≥18 years at the time of enrollment.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with small cell lung cancer or other histological subtypes of lung cancer.
  2. Patients lost to follow-up, who discontinued treatment, or died within one year of diagnosis.
  3. Pregnant or lactating women

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Placebo Comparator: PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy arm
Drug: Chemotherapy
Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy
Drug: PD1 Inhibitor
e.g. pembrolizumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab, tislelizumab, toripalimab
Experimental: Glutathione combined with PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy arm
Drug: Chemotherapy
Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy
Drug: PD1 Inhibitor
e.g. pembrolizumab, camrelizumab, sintilimab, tislelizumab, toripalimab
Drug: Glutathione
Glutathione is administered as an adjunct intervention to the PD-1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy regimen.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
Time Frame: From randomization until the first documented disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 24 months."
From randomization until the first documented disease progression or death from any cause, whichever occurs first, assessed up to 24 months."
Overall Response Rate (ORR)
Time Frame: From the initiation of treatment until 12 weeks
Proportion of patients achieving predefined tumor volume reduction with sustained duration, defined as those attaining a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR).
From the initiation of treatment until 12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Overall survival
Time Frame: From randomization until death from any cause, assessed up to 60 months.
the time from randomization (or treatment initiation) to death from any cause, serving as the gold-standard endpoint for evaluating long-term therapeutic efficacy in oncology.
From randomization until death from any cause, assessed up to 60 months.
Improvement in Immune Parameters
Time Frame: From baseline until 12 weeks post-treatment completion
assess every 4 weeks via flow cytometry for peripheral CD8+ T-cell proportion and cytokine levels (e.g., IFN-γ, IL-2).
From baseline until 12 weeks post-treatment completion
QLQ-LC43
Time Frame: From baseline until 24 weeks post-treatment completion
Quality of Life Questionnaire for Lung Cancer from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), assessed at baseline, the end of each treatment cycle (every 3 weeks), and at 12 and 24 weeks post-treatment using the Chinese version of the EORTC QLQ-LC43 questionnaire.
From baseline until 24 weeks post-treatment completion

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 31, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 31, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 20, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 20, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 26, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 7, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 6, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2024-KY-0017-002

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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