Task Specific vs Basketball-Based Balance Training in Children With Developmental Delay

June 25, 2025 updated by: Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences

Effects of Task Specific Balance Training VS Task-oriented Basketball Training on Balance and Motor Skills in Children With Developmental Delay

To compare the effects of task specific balance training vs task-oriented basketball training on balance and motor skills in children with developmental delay

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Developmental delay (DD) in children presents as delays in motor, cognitive, and social skills that are essential for daily life. The most affected areas are gross motor and balance abilities. These are crucial for mobility, independence, and participation in physical activities. Physiologically, gross motor function involves the coordinated work of the neuromuscular system, proprioceptive input, and cerebellar processing. These systems help maintain balance and perform postural transitions. When delayed, they can lead to poor coordination, postural instability, and reduced physical activity.

Globally, developmental delay affects an estimated 5% to 15% of children. The rate is higher in low- and middle-income countries due to malnutrition, prenatal issues, and lack of early intervention. In Pakistan, 37.9% of children in a Karachi-based study had developmental delay. The condition was more common in slum areas.

Task-specific balance training (TSBT) aims to improve sensory integration and postural control. It uses targeted tasks that challenge balance in static and dynamic situations. A randomized trial showed significant improvements in sensory organization and balance in children with developmental disorder who received TSBT. Task-oriented basketball training (TOBT), on the other hand, combines cognitive and motor challenges. It uses sport-specific activities to enhance balance, coordination, and fitness. Research shows that TOBT improves motor skill-related fitness in children with DD. Previous research has found that both task-specific balance training and task-oriented basketball training independently help children with developmental delay by improving their balance and movement skills. However, no studies have directly compared these two methods to see which one works better. This study will do that comparison. The results will help therapists choose the best training approach for these children, improving rehabilitation strategies.

This study signifies the importance of effects of Task Specific Balance Training and Task-oriented Basketball Training in enhancing balance and motor skills in developmentally delayed children which ultimately contributes towards making them a functional independent individual of our community. Improved balance and coordination may enhance children active participation in community activities, reducing caregiver dependence. This study will contribute optimizing rehabilitation strategies for pediatric population with motor and balance impairments.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
60

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 5-12

    • Diagnosed with DD
    • Able to follow instruction
    • Male and female are included

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Neurological conditions other than DD

    • Musculoskeletal deformities
    • Visual or hearing impairments
    • Participants who are unable to engage in the assigned interventions due to physical or cognitive limitations

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: Task Specific Balance Training
Group A: Participants will perform Task specific balance training. The interventions will be performed three times per week, for total of 24 sessions, within 8 weeks. There will be a Warm-up session of 5 minutes that will include active exercises such as ankle pumps and arm swings. Sufficient rest intervals during each training session. In each session, participants will perform three repetitions of each exercise. For static balance, the exercises will include one-leg standing, tandem standing, heel-to-toe walking, and stride sitting on a peanut ball. For dynamic balance, the exercises will include stepping over obstacles, walking on a balance beam, side-stepping, and walking in a straight line while balancing a ball on a board
Other: Task Specific Balance Training
Group A participants will undergo Task Specific Balance Training. It is a rehabilitation approach that focus on improving balance by practicing specific balance related tasks.
Other: Task-oriented Basketball Training
Group B: Participants will perform Task oriented basketball training. The interventions will be performed three times per week, for total of 24 sessions, within 8 weeks. There will be warm up session of 5 minutes that will include active exercises that are ankle pumps and arm swing. Sufficient rest interval during each training session. In one session, participants will perform three repetitions for each exercise. Exercises are basic dribbling, passing and catching, partner based passing and catching, target shooting, hurdle jumping, wall catching, skipping hoops and cone drills.
Other: Task-oriented Basketball Training
Group B participants will undergo Task-oriented Basketball Training. It is a rehabilitation approach that focuses on balance, coordination and gross motor skills through specific basketball related tasks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Improved balance
Time Frame: 8 WEEKS
Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) is a 14 item performance based measure, assessing balance in sitting, standing and during functional tasks. Each item is scored on a scale of 0-4, with higher scores indicating better balance
8 WEEKS

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Improved motor skills
Time Frame: 8 WEEKS
Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) is a standardized observational tool, measuring gross motor function in five domains: lying/rolling(17 items), sitting(20 items), crawling/kneeling(14 items), standing(13 items) and walking/running/jumping(24 items). The score for each dimension is presented as the percentage of maximum score for the dimension. Each of 88 items is scored on a 4-point ordinal scale(0 = does not initiate, 1 = initiates, 2 = partially completes, 3 = completes). Minimum possible total score is 0% and maximum possible score score is 100%. Higher scores represent better gross motor function and improvement.
8 WEEKS

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 28, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 29, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 29, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 3, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 3, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 11, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 29, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 25, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • ShalamarSSAHS

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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