Enhancing Brain And Mental Health Through Breathing Practice

April 2, 2026 updated by: Pravesh Sharma, Mayo Clinic

Enhancing Brain And Mental Health Through Breathing Practice: Clinical Applications In Rural Adolescents With Psychiatric Symptoms (Breathing Study -Adolescent)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of a structured breathing intervention in rural and non-rural adolescents diagnosed with anxiety and depression, recruited from outpatient pediatric and child/adolescent psychiatry clinics.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
40

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Minnesota
      • Albert Lea, Minnesota, United States, 56007
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic Health System-Albert Lea
        • Contact:
          • Marin Nycklemoe
          • Phone Number: 507-255-2814
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nicholas Bormann, MD
    • Wisconsin
      • Eau Claire, Wisconsin, United States, 54703
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic Health System-Eau Claire Clinic
        • Contact:
          • Danielle Boos
          • Phone Number: 715-464-8173
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Pravesh Sharma, MD

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 who have been diagnosed with a major depressive disorder (mild or moderate) and/or an anxiety disorder.
  • Participants may have co-occurring mild to moderate alcohol or drug use problems, provided these do not require immediate specialized treatment or crisis intervention.
  • All participants must be receiving care at one of two participating MCHS outpatient psychiatry clinics and may reside in rural area (RUCA code 4-10) or non-rural area.
  • Participants must be able to read and understand English, and both parental or guardian consent and adolescent assent will be required.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current suicidal ideation or self-harm behavior requiring immediate clinical intervention
  • Presence of severe psychiatric comorbidities such as psychosis, bipolar disorder, depression with psychotic features, severe alcohol and drug use, or eating disorders.
  • Participants with significant cognitive impairment that would interfere with study participation.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Rural adolescent patients
Rural and non-rural adolescent patients of Mayo Clinic Health Systems, aged 12 to 17 years, with a clinical diagnosis of mild to moderate anxiety and/or depression will follow a structured breathing practice (Seokmun Hoheup) at least 3 times per week.
Behavioral: Breathing Intervention
Participants will follow a structured breathing practice (Seokmun Hoheup) that progresses in incremental steps, beginning with 15 minutes, increasing to 30 minutes, and then to 36 minutes per session over the course of the program.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM) score
Time Frame: 4 months
The Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM) is a self-reported questionnaire for participants to rate the feasibility of the breathing practice intervention on a 5-point Likert scale. Possible scores range from 0 (Completely Disagree) to 5 (Completely Agree)
4 months
Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM) score
Time Frame: 4 months
The Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM) is a self-reported, 4 question survey, for participants to rate their acceptance of the breathing practice intervention on a 5-point Likert scale. Possible scores range from 0 (Completely Disagree) to 5 (Completely Agree)
4 months
Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM) score
Time Frame: 4 months
The Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM) is a self-reported, 4 question survey, for participants to rate the appropriateness of the breathing practice intervention on a 5-point Likert scale. Possible scores range from 0 (Completely Disagree) to 5 (Completely Agree)
4 months
Recruitment feasibility
Time Frame: 4 months
Proportion of eligible adolescents enrolled out of total participants screened
4 months
Retention feasibility
Time Frame: 4 months
Proportion of participants retained through final assessment out of total enrolled
4 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
System Usability Scale (SUS) score
Time Frame: 4 months
Digital usability will be assessed using the System Usability Scale (SUS) tool, a self-reported 10 question survey, for participants to rate the usability of the digital app platform on a 5-point Likert scale. Possible scores range from 0 (Completely Disagree) to 5 (Completely Agree)
4 months
Total number of log-ins
Time Frame: 4 months
Total number of times participants logged into the digital app platform
4 months
Completion rate of assigned breathing practices
Time Frame: 4 months
Adherence to breathing practice and intervention engagement will be assessed as the completion rate of assigned sessions as measured by the session attendance logs
4 months

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Feasibility of collecting physiological data from baseline to 4 months
Time Frame: Baseline to 4 months
Feasibility will be assessed based on data completeness, participant tolerance, and procedural viability from those undergoing fNIRS or MRI testing.
Baseline to 4 months
Feasibility of collecting psychological data
Time Frame: Baseline to 4 months
Feasibility will be assessed by focusing on data completeness of validated mental health measures to include GHQ, GAD, PHQ-9.
Baseline to 4 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Mayo Clinic

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Pravesh Sharma, Mayo Clinic

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 19, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 19, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 19, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 2, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 25-012922

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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