Clinical Effect of Swedish Massage Versus Adjuvant Yoga on Blood Glucose Level in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

January 27, 2026 updated by: Mohamed Saied Zidan, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan
Swedish massage (SM) and yoga are complementary non-pharmacological techniques that have recently been used in managing chronic disorders such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Both techniques play an important role in reducing stress, which contributes to lowering blood glucose levels in children with T1DM. Objective: To investigate the effect of Swedish massage versus children's yoga exercises on blood glucose levels of children with T1DM

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Swedish massage (SM) and yoga are complementary non-pharmacological techniques that have recently been used in managing chronic disorders such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Both techniques play an important role in reducing stress, which contributes to lowering blood glucose levels in children with T1DM. Objective: To investigate the effect of Swedish massage versus children's yoga exercises on blood glucose levels of children with T1DM

Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is one of the best effective non-pharmacological techniques, which decreases stress in children because it influences mental and physical conditions. It can be applied by making the muscles maximally strain, and then loosening it until the muscle is relaxed. It is repeated until children acquire complete relaxation (Casman & Nurhaeni, 2018).

Progressive muscle relaxation leads to regulation of autonomic nervous system activity that potentially contributes to medical management of T1DM through improving in glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) (Paschali et al., 2020). Swedish massage and Progressive muscle relaxation had an effective role in decreasing blood glucose level in children with T1DM, so that the pediatric nurse should apply and educate care giver about Swedish massage and PMR techniques (Ismaili et al., 2018)

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
50

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
    • Cairo Governorate
      • Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt, 11571
        • Outpatient Clinics of Universities and Private Medical Centers in Cairo

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diabetic children's age: 6 - 12 years.
  • Children who live in Cairo only.
  • Free from other medical disorders as cardiac, renal, or any other metabolic disorder

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Diabetic children who can't understand the order
  • Diabetic patient's who have medical disorders as cardiac,renal and other metabolic disorders

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Diabetic children who received Swedish massage
Twenty-five diabetic children who received Swedish massage in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes.
Procedure: Swedish massage in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes.
Swedish massage in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes.
Experimental: Diabetic children who received children's yoga exercises
Twenty-five diabetic children who received children's yoga exercises in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes.
Procedure: yoga exercises in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes.
yoga exercises in addition to routine nursing care of the unit for diabetes

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Fasting blood glucose
Time Frame: 6 weeks
measures sugar in your blood after an 8-12 hour fast (only water allowed), primarily to check for diabetes or prediabetes by showing your baseline sugar levels, with normal being under 100 mg/dL, prediabetes 100-125 mg/dL, and diabetes 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate tests,
6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Random Blood sugar
Time Frame: 6 weeks
measures blood sugar levels at any time, without fasting, to screen for diabetes, with normal for healthy adults generally under 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L). Levels between 140-199 mg/dL suggest prediabetes, while 200 mg/dL or higher often indicates diabetes,
6 weeks
Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c).
Time Frame: 6 weeks
a blood test measuring average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months by showing the percentage of sugar-coated hemoglobin in red blood cells,
6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 8, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
February 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
February 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 27, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 27, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 2, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 2, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 27, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Swedish massage yoga type 1 DM

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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