Assessment of Soft Tissue Thickness Following Utilization of Buccal Pad of Fat Versus Platelet-rich Fibrin for Covering Zygomatic Implants: A Randomized Clinical Trial

April 25, 2026 updated by: Caroline John George, Cairo University
Would buccal pad of fat be comparable to platelet rich fibrin for Zygomatic implant coverage as a step for reconstruction of atrophic posterior maxilla, in terms of peri-implant soft tissue thickness and avoiding complicated postoperative sequalae?

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study aims to assess whether the buccal fat pad might prevent mucosal dehiscence and avoid potential postoperative complications when buccal fat pad is used to cover the body part of the zygomatic implants compared to the platelet rich fibrin during the reconstruction of atrophic maxilla. The expected benefit from the current study is to select the most suitable coverage for Zygomatic implant placement with the least postoperative complications also providing an appropriate soft tissue profile during the immediate loading phase preparing it for the final restoration.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
24

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
    • Cairo Governorate
      • Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt, 11562
        • Recruiting
        • Cairo university, Faculty of dentistry
        • Contact:
          • Phone Number: 01223617956

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with severely atrophic edentulous upper arch (Cawood class IV, V, VI) that could not be restored by other type of treatment
  2. Patients who had at least 8-12 mm vertical bone height in anterior maxilla to allow installation of 2 conventional implants.
  3. Lacking posterior maxillary bone support due to significant sinus pneumatization
  4. Good systemic health (ASA score I-II)
  5. Highly motivated patients

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patient not willing to give his/her informed consent.
  2. Patients with systemic disease that did not permit the surgical procedure (including general anesthesia).
  3. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes or under bisphosphonate therapy.
  4. Heavy smoker. (> 20 cigarettes daily)
  5. Patient with psychiatric problems, severe bruxism or other parafunctional habits.
  6. Acute sinusitis.
  7. Malignancy or pathology in Maxilla or Zygoma.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Coverage with PRF for Zygomatic implant placed
PRF preparation and placement: Shortly before being positioned at the surgical site, the PRF was freshly prepared. Ten milliliters of blood were extracted from the antecubital vein and put into a test tube devoid of anticoagulant for the PRF preparation. The blood sample was centrifuged right away for 10-12 minutes at 3000 rpm. The PRF membrane was obtained by squeezing the fibrin clot between pieces of gauze after centrifugation
Biological: Coverage with PRF for Zygomatic implant placed
PRF preparation and placement: Shortly before being positioned at the surgical site, the PRF was freshly prepared. Ten milliliters of blood were extracted from the antecubital vein and put into a test tube devoid of anticoagulant for the PRF preparation. The blood sample was centrifuged right away for 10-12 minutes at 3000 rpm. The PRF membrane was obtained by squeezing the fibrin clot between pieces of gauze after centrifugation
Active Comparator: Coverage with buccal fat pad for Zygomatic implant placed

Broad muco-periosteal dissection of the anterior maxilla and its lateral sides can easily be used to make an incision of the periosteum in the area of the wisdom teeth during implant insertion. The buccal fat pad will be dissected into the oral cavity after being enlarged with scissors. The pad can be moved forward and lower to cover the implants by gently pulling it with an atraumatic clamp. Resorbable sutures are then used to secure it to the palatal mucosa, The flap will be repositioned over the BPF and sutured to the palatine mucosa. The posterior implant typically has the easiest time achieving implant coverage.

To prevent premature traction, the dissection must be done very carefully. The pad must be gradually released from its capsule in order to complete the task. It is not problematic if there are pieces of the fat pad along the crestal suture. After surgery, this will turn into the epidermis in a few days.

The buccal fat pad going to be repositioned over implant body
Biological: Coverage with PRF for Zygomatic implant placed
PRF preparation and placement: Shortly before being positioned at the surgical site, the PRF was freshly prepared. Ten milliliters of blood were extracted from the antecubital vein and put into a test tube devoid of anticoagulant for the PRF preparation. The blood sample was centrifuged right away for 10-12 minutes at 3000 rpm. The PRF membrane was obtained by squeezing the fibrin clot between pieces of gauze after centrifugation

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The peri-implant soft tissue thickness
Time Frame: Clinical evaluation will be performed at the operation day, 72 hours, 1st week, 15 days, 1month, 4-month intervals will be the first assessment for the soft tissue thickness then at 6 months and 12 months interval.
The peri-implant soft tissue thickness using the average of three measurement points on the buccal side of the implant platform registered with a periodontal probe (HH12 periodontal probe, Deppeler SA)
Clinical evaluation will be performed at the operation day, 72 hours, 1st week, 15 days, 1month, 4-month intervals will be the first assessment for the soft tissue thickness then at 6 months and 12 months interval.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative complications
Time Frame: Clinical evaluation will be performed at the operation day, 72 hours, 1st week, 15 days, 1month, 4-month intervals will be the first assessment for the soft tissue thickness and postoperative complications then at 6 months and 12 months interval.
Recording of frequency and Incidence of Zygomatic fracture/oroantral communication/implant failure
Clinical evaluation will be performed at the operation day, 72 hours, 1st week, 15 days, 1month, 4-month intervals will be the first assessment for the soft tissue thickness and postoperative complications then at 6 months and 12 months interval.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Cairo University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
February 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 25, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 25, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 25, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 29425

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

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