MicroRNA and Markers and Therapeutic Response to Romosozumab and Abaloparatide in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis (ROMIRNA)

May 23, 2026 updated by: Istituto Auxologico Italiano

MicroRNA and Circulating Markers Predictive of the Therapeutic Response to Romosozumab and Abaloparatide Treatment in Women With Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder affecting approximately 10% of individuals over 50 years of age. It is characterised by an increased risk of fragility fractures, which constitute a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden worldwide.

A range of pharmacological therapies has been approved for osteoporosis, with demonstrated efficacy in reducing fracture risk. These include anabolic agents that stimulate osteoblast-mediated bone formation (teriparatide, abaloparatide), antiresorptive agents that inhibit osteoclast-driven bone resorption (bisphosphonates, denosumab), and dual-action agents such as romosozumab, which, through sclerostin inhibition, simultaneously enhances bone formation and suppresses resorption. In clinical practice, these agents are administered sequentially or in combination to optimise therapeutic outcomes.

The primary goal of anti-osteoporotic therapy is to reduce the risk of incident and subsequent fractures. In postmenopausal osteoporosis, this objective is closely linked to meaningful gains in bone mineral density (BMD), as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), with attainment of osteopenic ranges associated with low fracture probability (<15% for major osteoporotic fractures and <3% for hip fractures, according to FRAX). However, selecting the most effective therapeutic strategy remains challenging, as robust predictors of individual treatment response are lacking. Although bone turnover markers are widely used to monitor treatment effects, their value in predicting clinical outcomes is limited.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (~22 nucleotides), single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level through binding to complementary sequences in target mRNAs. Circulating miRNAs are stabilised by association with proteins and extracellular vesicles, making them attractive candidates as biomarkers. Increasing evidence indicates that miRNAs play key roles in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, and distinct miRNA expression profiles have been associated with osteoporosis and fragility fractures.

An emerging area of interest is the interaction between osteoactive therapies and circulating miRNA signatures. To date, available data are largely limited to antiresorptive agents and teriparatide. No studies have yet addressed miRNA expression profiles in patients treated with romosozumab or abaloparatide.

Beyond miRNAs, additional molecular pathways implicated in osteoimmunological crosstalk and ageing are gaining attention as potential biomarkers. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a multifaceted role in bone homeostasis, inhibiting osteoclast activity while promoting osteoblast function. Reduced circulating NO levels have been identified as an independent predictor of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women. Autophagy is increasingly recognised as a critical regulator of bone remodelling, influencing both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity. Dysregulation of autophagic pathways disrupts bone homeostasis and contributes to bone loss. These processes are tightly controlled by complex molecular networks, including miRNAs, and are closely linked to lysosomal function. In this context, cathepsin K has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in osteoporosis.

The present study primarily aims to identify circulating microRNAs, whose early treatment-induced changes are predictive of the outcome of the therapy in terms of changes in BMD. Secondary, it aims to identify correlations of the changes in microRNAs serum concentrations with variations in biomarkers of bone metabolism as well as of aging.

The study enrols women with diagnosis of severe postmenopausal osteoporosis addressed to treatment with romosozumab or with abaloparatide. All women will be assessed at baseline and after 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
42

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • Italy
    • Lombardy
      • Miano, Lombardy, Italy, 20149
        • Recruiting
        • Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS
        • Contact:
      • Milan, Lombardy, Italy

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

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Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Female sex
  • Postmenopause
  • Densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis
  • Normal calcium diet
  • Supplement with cholecalciferol or calcifediol

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Premenopause
  • Chronic therapy with glucocorticosteroids, or other treatments that may affect bone metabolism
  • Diseases and conditions that may affect bone metabolism

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Romosozumab treatment
Postmenopausal women treated with romosozumab for twelve months
Diagnostic test: miRNA typing
Identification circulating miRNAs
Experimental: Abaloparatide treatment
Postmenopausal women treated with abaloparatide for twelve months
Diagnostic test: miRNA typing
Identification circulating miRNAs

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
miRNA expression profile
Time Frame: Baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment
Expression profile of circulating miRNA correlated to osteoporosis
Baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment
Bone Mineral Density
Time Frame: Baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment
Bone Mineral Density (BMD), tested via a DEXA scan and expressed in T-score
Baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months of treatment

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Istituto Auxologico Italiano

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 31, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 31, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 31, 2029

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 23, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 23, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 32C501

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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