A Two-year Study Evaluating the Surface-sealed Cervical Resin Composite Restorations in Comparison With the Non-sealed Restorations

June 4, 2026 updated by: Nanees Ayman Hassan Aly, Cairo University

Clinical Effectiveness of Using Surface Sealants on Cervical Resin Composite Restorations in Comparison With Non-sealed Restorations: A 2-year Randomized Clinical Trial

After finishing and polishing are completed, the tooth surface may exhibit microcracks and micro-irregularities that create a roughened surface, which may lead to plaque retention, gingival inflammation, and discoloration. The surface-penetrating sealant was introduced to fill micro-irregularities by capillary action, providing a uniform, regular surface and enhancing the surface smoothness. The application of unfilled low-viscosity surface sealants aims to enhance the luster, smoothness, and color stability of esthetic restorations and decrease stain absorption. They have low viscosity that enables them to easily spread and penetrate over these finished and polished surfaces, which may affect the life of the restoration positively. Additionally, it decreases surface porosity and creates a surface that is more thoroughly cured, improving the composite's stain resistance.

This prospective, parallel-group, randomized clinical study aims to compare the clinical effectiveness of using surface sealants on cervical resin composite restorations versus non-sealed restorations. Restorations will be assessed at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months using modified USPHS criteria. The primary outcome will be assessing marginal discoloration, and the secondary outcomes will be assessing color match, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, surface texture, and marginal adaptation. Color stability will be assessed by VITA Easyshade®.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
25

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Participant Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adult patients aged 18-55 years.
  • Patients with good oral hygiene (mild to moderate plaque accumulation).
  • Patients with asymptomatic class V cavities in permanent teeth.

Teeth inclusion criteria:

  • Vital posterior teeth with class V carious cavities.
  • Moderate cavities (ICDAS 3 & 4).
  • Free from signs and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis and pulpal necrosis.
  • Teeth with no or grade 1 mobility.

Participant Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who are unable to return for recall appointments.
  • Patients with poor oral hygiene.
  • Presence of abnormal oral, medical, or mental condition
  • Presence of any parafunctional habits.
  • Patients with TMJ problems.

Teeth Exclusion Criteria:

  • Periodontal disease that may affect the prognosis of the restoration or the tooth itself.
  • Fractured or visibly cracked teeth.
  • Presence of any developmental or formative defects.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Unfilled resin surface sealant group
Patients with carious cervical lesions (class V) in the esthetic zone receiving resin composite restorations covered by the Unfilled resin surface sealant
Other: PermaSeal™, Ultradent Products Inc., USA
Unfilled resin surface sealant
Experimental: Nano-filled resin surface sealant group
Patients with carious cervical lesions (class V) in the esthetic zone receiving resin composite restorations covered by the Nano-filled resin surface sealant
Other: OPTIGLAZE™, GC, Tokyo, Japan
Unfilled resin surface sealant
Active Comparator: Class V Restorations without resin surface sealants.
Patients with carious cervical lesions (class V) in the esthetic zone receiving resin composite restorations not covered by the resin surface sealant
Other: Conventional finishing and polishing protocol
Restorations without resin surface sealants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Marginal discoloration
Time Frame: 2 years
Modified USPHS criteria
2 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Color match, Secondary caries, Postoperative sensitivity, Surface texture , Marginal adaptation
Time Frame: 2 years
Modified USPHS criteria
2 years
Color stability
Time Frame: 2 years
by VITA Easyshade®
2 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Cairo University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • • Amin, A. H., Yaakob, M. H., Nasir, W. Z. W., & Al-Kadhim, A. H. A. (2018). Evaluation the correlation between age, gender, and the incidence of cervical lesions. Journal of Clinical Research in Dentistry, 1(1). • Attia, R. M., Sobhy, E. M., & Abd El Hameed, M. E. S. (2023). Micro-Hardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Composite Resin: Effect of Surface Sealant Application and Two Bleaching Regimens. European Journal of General Dentistry, 12(03), 169-176. • Calazans, F. S., Ferreira, T. D. M. J., Ñaupari-Villasante, R., Mendonça, R. P., Ornellas, G., Albuquerque, E. G., ... & Loguercio, A. D. (2024). Influence of surface sealants on the quality of posterior restorations with bulk-fill composites: A 4-year randomized clinical trial. Dental Materials, 40(3), 466-476. • Dawoud, B., Abou-Auf, E., & Shaalan, O. (2025). 24-Month clinical evaluation of cervical restorations bonded using radio-opaque universal adhesive compared to conventional universal adhesive in carious cervical lesions: A randomized clinical trial. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 5505. • Demarco, F. F., Collares, K., Coelho-de-Souza, F. H., Correa, M. B., Cenci, M. S., Moraes, R. R., & Opdam, N. J. (2015). Anterior composite restorations: A systematic review on long-term survival and reasons for failure. Dental materials, 31(10), 1214-1224. • de Melo Soares, V., de Oliveira Bomfim, H. L. Q., Romão, D. A., de Moraes Porto, I. C. C., & de Mendonça Fragoso, L. S. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Different Methods of Marginal Microleakage Evaluation for Restored Teeth by Composite Resin. Journal of Health Sciences, 26(4), 221-225. • Elwassefy, N., ElEmbaby, A., & Elkholany, N. (2023). Correlation between surface roughness and color stability of nano-and micro-hybrid resin composites using different surface treatment protocols. Egyptian Dental Journal, 69(1), 705-713.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 24, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 29, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 5, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 4, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • Surface sealants on composite

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

The decision regarding sharing of individual participant data (IPD) has not yet been finalized.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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