Motion Sickness Severity and Sensorimotor Performance

June 23, 2026 updated by: Yunus Emre Tutuneken, Istinye University

The Relationship of Balance, Proprioception, Coordination, and Reaction Time Measurements With Motion Sickness Severity in Individuals With Motion Sickness: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Motion sickness (MS) is a common syndrome characterized by autonomic and behavioral symptoms, such as nausea and dizziness, resulting from exposure to motion stimuli. Its pathophysiology is closely linked to sensory conflict and postural instability theories. While previous studies suggest that postural control, proprioception, and reaction times are affected in individuals susceptible to MS, there is a lack of comprehensive, comparative research evaluating all these parameters concurrently within the same cohort using standardized methods. Objective: This study aims to systematically measure balance, proprioceptive sensitivity, coordination, and reaction time parameters, and quantitatively analyze their relationship with motion sickness severity. Methodology: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, at least 41 participants aged 18-40 with motion sickness will be recruited. Participants will undergo motion sickness susceptibility and severity grading using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire Short Form (MSSQ-SF) and the Graybiel Scale. Objective assessments will include static and dynamic balance testing (ProKin®), knee joint position sense (Clinometer app), manual dexterity and dynamic balance coordination (Nine-Hole Peg Test, Tandem Walk, Romberg Test), and upper/lower extremity reaction time measurements (BlazePod system).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
41

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population consists of adult individuals aged between 18 and 40 years who exhibit susceptibility to motion sickness.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals aged between 18 and 40 years.
  • Diagnosed with motion sickness according to the Motion Sickness -Susceptibility Questionnaire Short Form (MSSQ-SF).
  • Normal hearing acuity.
  • No history of acute or chronic vestibular disease, other than motion sickness.
  • Normal or corrected-to-normal vision.
  • Adequate physical capability to fully perform the measurement protocols, including balance, proprioception, coordination, and reaction time tests.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of any physical or orthopedic problem that could interfere with testing.
  • History of acute or chronic instability, unsteadiness, or vertigo.
  • Severe visual impairment.
  • History of prior ear surgery.
  • Presence of any neurological condition or disorder.
  • History of migraines.
  • Current use of medications that could affect balance or vestibular function (e.g., vestibular suppressants, sedatives).
  • Use of alcohol or psychoactive substances within the last 48 hours prior to testing.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Static Balance
Time Frame: 1 hour
Evaluated objectively using the ProKin® computerized balance system. Participants stand on the platform under conditions: double-leg with eyes open.
1 hour
Dynamic Balance Performance
Time Frame: 1 hour
Evaluated using the ProKin® system.
1 hour
Motion Sickness Severity (Graybiel Score)
Time Frame: 1 hour
Used to grade the clinical severity of acute motion sickness symptoms (including nausea, cold sweating, increased salivation, and dizziness) following a randomized chair-rotation provocation protocol. 0 (Minimum) to 50 points (Maximum). Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity, representing a worse clinical outcome (scores of 16 or above designate frank sickness).
1 hour

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Knee Joint Proprioception
Time Frame: 1 hour
Evaluated in supine and prone positions, targeting knee angles of 15°, 30°, 60°, and 90° using the Clinometer digital inclinometer smartphone application.
1 hour
Nine-Hole Peg Test (9HPT) Completion Time
Time Frame: 1 hour
Used to assess upper extremity dexterity and fine motor coordination. Participants place nine pegs into the holes one by one and then remove them as quickly as possible.
1 hour
Tandem Walk Test Error Count
Time Frame: 1 hour
Participants walk barefoot along a straight line for 10 steps, placing the heel of one foot directly against the toe of the other foot with arms relaxed at their sides.
1 hour
Visual Reaction Time
Time Frame: 1 hour
Evaluated using the mobile application-based BlazePod.
1 hour

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Istinye University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
August 2, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 5, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 26, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 26, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 2, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 26, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 23, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 25

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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