A Comparative Clinical Assessment of Adjunctive Hyaluronic Acid With 3D Printed Versus Milled CAD CAM Provisional Dental Restorations on Active Periodontal Status and Surface Roughness and Biocompatibility

June 2, 2026 updated by: Marwa Helal, Cairo University

A Comparative Clinical Assessment of Adjunctive Hyaluronic Acid With 3D Printed Versus Milled CAD CAM Provisional Dental Restorations on Active Periodontal Status and Surface Roughness and Biocompatibility (A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)

A Comparative Clinical Assessment of Adjunctive Hyaluronic Acid with 3D Printed Versus Milled CAD CAM Provisional Dental Restorations on active Periodontal status and Surface Roughness and biocompatibility (A Randomized Controlled clinical Trial).

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This randomized clinical trial evaluates their effects regarding periodontal assessment, including

  1. Clinical attachment loss (CAL)
  2. Plaque Index (PI)
  3. Gingival Index (GI)
  4. Bleeding on probing (BOP)
  5. using digital scanner then a profilometer to measure surface roughness

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
60

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Systemic healthy patients

    • Patients aged > 25 years
    • Patients suffering from stage II periodontitis with grade B were included in this study, according to 2017 world workshop classification of periodontal disease (Papapanou et al. 2017).
    • Patients with interdental clinical attachment loss (CAL) of 3-4 mm
    • No history of previous periodontal therapy.
    • No taken medications known to interfere healing or periodontal tissue health such as anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, or immunosuppressant drugs.
    • No previous periodontal surgery at involved sites.
    • Good oral hygiene and good compliance with the plaque control instructions following initial therapy.
    • Neither taken antibiotics within the last three months nor nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within the last three months
    • Absence of diseases or conditions that would interfere with wound healing such as diabetes mellitus or coagulation disorders
    • Absence of oral mucosal inflammatory conditions such as aphthous ulcers or lichen planus.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Smoking habits

    • Pregnant and lactating mothers
    • Patients who have been received periodontal surgery in the study area during the last 6 months

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Intervention Study Group
Group (A and B): 3D Printed Dental Restoration with hyaluronic acid and Milled CAD CAM Dental Restoration with hyaluronic acid.
Procedure: commonly used hyaluronic Acid with both procedures 3D Printed Versus Milled CAD CAM Provisional Dental Restorations
  • Tooth preparation will be performed following standardized prosthodontic guidelines
  • 1.5-2 mm occlusal reduction
  • 1-1.2 mm axial reduction
  • Chamfer finish line
  • Digital impressions will be obtained using an intraoral scanner.
  • CAD/CAM Milled and 3D printed Provisionals will be fabricated
  • Once the study restorations were finished, the intraoral optical impression was made.

While control both procedures will be done but without using hyaluronic acid
Active Comparator: Control Group
Group (C and D): 3D Printed Dental Restoration without hyaluronic acid and Milled CAD CAM Dental Restoration without hyaluronic acid
Procedure: commonly used hyaluronic Acid with both procedures 3D Printed Versus Milled CAD CAM Provisional Dental Restorations
  • Tooth preparation will be performed following standardized prosthodontic guidelines
  • 1.5-2 mm occlusal reduction
  • 1-1.2 mm axial reduction
  • Chamfer finish line
  • Digital impressions will be obtained using an intraoral scanner.
  • CAD/CAM Milled and 3D printed Provisionals will be fabricated
  • Once the study restorations were finished, the intraoral optical impression was made.

While control both procedures will be done but without using hyaluronic acid

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL)
Time Frame: Day 0 - month 3
• will be measured clinically using UNC periodontal probe from cemento enamel junction to depth of periodontal pocket
Day 0 - month 3
bleeding on probing (BOP)
Time Frame: Day 0 - month 3

will be measured clinically using UNC periodontal probe. Count the bleeding points and divided them by the total number of patients' teeth in the oral cavity and multiply by 100 to make the percent.

localized less than 30% and generalized greater than or equal 30%
Day 0 - month 3
Plaque index (PI)
Time Frame: Day 0 - month 3

plaque index

This clinical method assesses the thickness of plaque specifically at the cervical margin (gumline).

The Scoring Scale (0 to 3):

0: No plaque in the gingival area.

  1. A film of plaque visible only by running a probe across the tooth surface or after using a disclosing solution.
  2. Moderate accumulation of plaque visible to the naked eye along the gumline.
  3. Abundance of soft matter within the pocket or along the gumline
Day 0 - month 3

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
biocompatibility
Time Frame: Day 0 - month 3
• will be calculated through measuring Bop, gingival index, and plaque index as mentioned before.
Day 0 - month 3
Surface roughness
Time Frame: Day 0 - month 3
will be measured using a surface roughness measuring instrument (or profilometer) is a precision device used to evaluate the texture of a material by measuring microscopic peaks and valleys. They are essential for quality control in manufacturing to ensure components meet strict friction, wear, and coating adhesion standards.
Day 0 - month 3

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Cairo University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
August 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
May 18, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 2, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 4, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 4, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 2, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 15022026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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