Video Versus Verbal Preoperative Education in Elective Cesarean Delivery (VIDEO-CS)

June 13, 2026 updated by: Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi

Effects of Verbal and Video-Based Preoperative Education on Anxiety and Serum Cortisol Response in Women Scheduled for Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

This prospective randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of verbal and video-based preoperative education on anxiety levels and serum cortisol response in women scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.

Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive either standard verbal education or a standardized video-based educational intervention before surgery. Anxiety levels will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), and serum cortisol levels will be measured before and after the educational intervention.

The primary objective is to compare the effectiveness of the two educational methods in reducing preoperative anxiety and physiological stress response.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Preoperative anxiety is common among women undergoing elective cesarean delivery and may contribute to increased physiological stress responses, including elevated serum cortisol levels. Effective preoperative education may improve patient understanding of the surgical and anesthetic process and reduce anxiety.

This single-center prospective randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital. Women aged 18 years or older who are scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia and provide written informed consent will be eligible for participation.

Participants will be randomly allocated to one of two groups:

  1. Verbal Education Group:

    Participants will receive routine face-to-face verbal information regarding the surgical procedure and spinal anesthesia from an anesthesiologist.

  2. Video-Based Education Group:

Participants will watch a standardized educational video covering the same information provided in the verbal education group.

Educational interventions will be delivered at least one hour before surgery.

Anxiety levels will be assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) before and after the educational intervention. Serum cortisol concentrations will be measured from venous blood samples obtained during routine clinical blood collection before and after education.

The primary outcomes are changes in STAI-S scores and serum cortisol levels following the educational intervention. Secondary analyses will evaluate the relationship between educational modality and physiological stress response.

A total of 140 participants are planned for enrollment, with 70 participants in each study group.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
140

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Elâzığ
      • Elâzığ, Elâzığ, Turkey (Türkiye), 23100
        • Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sevim Şenol Karataş, MD
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Sait F Öner, MD
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Cengiz Şanlı, MD

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Female participants aged 18 years or older
  • Scheduled for elective cesarean delivery
  • Planned to undergo spinal anesthesia
  • American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II
  • Able to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Emergency cesarean delivery
  • History of psychiatric disease
  • Current use of anxiolytic or antidepressant medications
  • Endocrine disorders, including adrenal or thyroid disease
  • Current corticosteroid therapy
  • Previous surgery performed under spinal anesthesia
  • Cognitive impairment or communication difficulties that may interfere with completion of anxiety assessments
  • ASA physical status III, IV, or V

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Video-Based Education
Participants receive standardized video-based preoperative education before elective cesarean delivery.
Behavioral: Video-Based Preoperative Education
Participants will watch a standardized preoperative educational video providing information about cesarean delivery, spinal anesthesia, the perioperative process, potential risks and complications, postoperative expectations, and recovery. The video is designed to improve patient understanding and reduce preoperative anxiety.
Active Comparator: Verbal Education
Participants receive standard verbal preoperative education before elective cesarean delivery.
Behavioral: Verbal Preoperative Education
Participants will receive standard face-to-face verbal preoperative education from an anesthesiologist regarding cesarean delivery, spinal anesthesia, the perioperative process, potential risks and complications, postoperative expectations, and recovery.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) Score
Time Frame: Before education and immediately after education on the day of surgery
Change in STAI-S score from before to after preoperative education. The STAI-S consists of 20 items with total scores ranging from 20 to 80. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety.
Before education and immediately after education on the day of surgery
Change in Serum Cortisol Level
Time Frame: Before education and immediately after education on the day of surgery
Change in serum cortisol concentration (µg/dL) from before to after preoperative education. Higher serum cortisol levels indicate greater physiological stress response.
Before education and immediately after education on the day of surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Sevim Şenol Karataş, Elazıg Fethi Sekin Sehir Hastanesi

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 10, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 10, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 20, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 9, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 9, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 15, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 16, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 13, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • QR Code-Cesarean

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Data contain potentially identifiable clinical information and were collected under local ethics committee approval and informed consent procedures that do not include public data sharing.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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