Effect of ASMR and White Noise on Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Elective Lower Extremity Surgery (SLEEP-ASMR)

June 15, 2026 updated by: muzeyyen ataseven

Effect of ASMR and White Noise on Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Elective Lower Extremity Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) and white noise on postoperative sleep quality in patients undergoing elective lower extremity surgery. Postoperative sleep disturbances are common after orthopedic surgery and may negatively affect pain perception, recovery, and overall patient outcomes. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: ASMR intervention, white noise intervention, or control group. Patients in the intervention groups will listen to standardized 30-minute audio recordings before sleep during the postoperative period, while the control group will receive routine care with headphones only. Sleep quality will be assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). The study aims to determine which non-pharmacological intervention is more effective in improving postoperative sleep quality.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Sleep disturbance is one of the most common postoperative complications following orthopedic surgery and is associated with increased pain perception, delayed recovery, prolonged hospitalization, and decreased patient comfort. Non-pharmacological interventions that improve sleep quality may contribute positively to postoperative recovery and patient outcomes.

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is characterized by relaxing sensory experiences triggered by auditory stimuli and has recently gained attention for its potential effects on sleep and emotional well-being. White noise is another auditory intervention commonly used to reduce environmental noise perception and promote sleep quality. Although previous studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of ASMR and white noise separately, there is limited evidence comparing these interventions in postoperative orthopedic patients.

This study is designed as a three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial conducted in patients undergoing elective lower extremity surgery. Eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio into ASMR, white noise, or control groups using computer-generated block randomization. Participants in the intervention groups will listen to standardized 30-minute audio recordings before sleep during the postoperative hospitalization period. The control group will receive headphones without audio playback to minimize environmental noise exposure.

The primary outcome of the study is postoperative sleep quality measured using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). Secondary outcomes may include postoperative pain intensity, nocturnal awakening frequency, and patient comfort. Blinded researchers will perform outcome assessment and statistical analyses.

The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding effective non-pharmacological nursing interventions to improve postoperative sleep quality in orthopedic surgery patients.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
90

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 years and older
  • Undergoing elective lower extremity surgery
  • Conscious and able to communicate
  • No hearing impairment or hearing aid use
  • Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score of 5 or lower
  • No use of medications affecting sleep
  • Willing to participate in the study
  • Able to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participation in another clinical study
  • Surgery due to trauma
  • Transfer to the intensive care unit during the postoperative period
  • Development of serious postoperative complications
  • Withdrawal from the study at any stage
  • Failure to comply with study procedures

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: ASMR Group
Participants will listen to standardized 30-minute ASMR audio recordings before sleep during the postoperative hospitalization period.
Behavioral: ASMR Audio Intervention
Standardized ASMR audio recordings administered for 30 minutes before sleep during the postoperative period.
Other Names:
  • ASMR Group
Experimental: White Noise Group
Participants will listen to standardized 30-minute white noise audio recordings before sleep during the postoperative hospitalization period.
Behavioral: White Noise Audio Intervention
Standardized white noise audio recordings administered for 30 minutes before sleep during the postoperative period.
Other Names:
  • White Noise Group
No Intervention: Control Group
Participants will receive routine postoperative care and will wear headphones without audio playback before sleep.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative Sleep Quality
Time Frame: Postoperative nights 1 and 2
Postoperative sleep quality will be assessed using the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ). The RCSQ is a validated five-item visual analog scale evaluating sleep depth, sleep latency, number of awakenings, sleep efficiency, and overall sleep quality. Each item is scored between 0 and 100, and higher scores indicate better sleep quality. Total scores are calculated by averaging the item scores. Sleep quality will be evaluated during postoperative nights 1 and 2.
Postoperative nights 1 and 2

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
muzeyyen ataseven

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Müzeyyen Ataseven, PhD,RN, Medipol University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 5, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 5, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 5, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 7, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 15, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 16, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 16, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 15, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • ASMR-2026

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared to protect participant confidentiality and institutional data security.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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