Artificial Intelligence-Based Postural Feedback for Scoliosis

June 22, 2026 updated by: Rommanee Rojasavastera, Mahidol University

The Effect of Artificial Intelligence-Based Postural Feedback on Posture Correction in Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients

Due to advancements in technology, Posture-Analyzing and Virtual Reconstructing (PAViR) systems were developed. They used Red-Green-Blue-Depth camera sensors and artificial intelligence to evaluate human posture alignment, muscle balance, and movement without the use of radiation or physical markers. This technology served as a portable, X-ray-like device that was safe and user-friendly, providing detailed views of bone and muscle models alongside easy-to-understand 3D visualizations. However, how to utilize the data obtained from PAViR to support traditional treatment remained unclear. To fill this gap, this study aimed to investigate the effects of AI-based postural feedback on posture correction in patients with idiopathic scoliosis.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
30

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Thailand
    • Changwat Nakhon Pathom
      • Salaya, Changwat Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, 73170
        • Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by a physician.
  • Aged between 10 and 18 years.
  • Cobb angle between 10 and 40 degrees.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Leg length discrepancy greater than 2 cm, measured from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the lateral malleolus.
  • Previous history of spinal surgery.
  • Musculoskeletal or neurological injuries that affect balance and gait.
  • Inability to follow the research procedures.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: AI-Based Postural Feedback Group
Participants in the experimental group received postural feedback via the PAViR system, integrated with posture correction exercises and physical therapy for scoliosis.
Other: Postural feedback
The physical therapist reported the findings from the PAViR system to the participants during a 10-minute session. Data regarding skeletal alignment and muscle imbalances were provided to enhance participants' self-awareness of their specific postural issues. Furthermore, these insights were integrated into the subsequent training sessions for the experimental group.
Other: Physical therapy for scoliosis
The physical therapist conducted 60-minute sessions. These sessions were grounded in the principles of the Schroth Method and Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE).
Active Comparator: Conventional Postural Feedback Group
Participants in the control group received the same exercise and therapy sessions, but without the postural feedback provided by the PAViR system.
Other: Physical therapy for scoliosis
The physical therapist conducted 60-minute sessions. These sessions were grounded in the principles of the Schroth Method and Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
REEDCO postural score
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
The REEDCO Posture Assessment was used to evaluate postural scores during comfortable standing and postural self-correction.
before and immediately after intervention
Angle of trunk rotation
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
A scoliometer was used to evaluate the angle of trunk rotation during Adam's Forward Bend Test.
before and immediately after intervention
Postural Variables Derived from a 3D Motion Analysis System
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
A 3D motion analysis system (VICON Motion Systems Ltd., Oxford, UK) was used to evaluate postural variables during comfortable standing, postural self-correction, and the Adam's Forward Bend Test.
before and immediately after intervention
Postural Variables Derived from a PAViR System
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
A PAViR system (MGsolutions Inc., Seoul, South Korea) was used to evaluate postural variables during comfortable standing, postural self-correction, and the Adam's Forward Bend Test.
before and immediately after intervention

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Illness Perception
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-B) was an accurate and valid assessment tool to measure and monitor illness perceptions. It consisted of nine items rated on a scale from 0 (minimum) to 10 (maximum). The first five assessed cognitive perceptions such as the effect on life (item 1); duration of illness (item 2); control over illness (item 3); beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment (item 4); and experience of symptoms (item 5). Items 6 and 8 assessed emotional aspects, which included concern about the illness and a multifaceted question about mood. Item 7 assessed the degree of understanding of the illness. The final item was open-ended, asking respondents to rank the three most important factors causing their illness.
before and immediately after intervention
Exercise Motivation
Time Frame: before and immediately after intervention
The Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2) was a 19-item questionnaire that measured the stages of the self-determination continuum with respect to motivation to exercise using a 5-point Likert scale (0 = not true for me, 4 = very true for me) and was modified by Markland and Tobin. The version by Markland and Tobin added an amotivation factor to the original external, introjected, identified, and intrinsic regulation factors.
before and immediately after intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Mahidol University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
July 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 1, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 1, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 17, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 22, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 25, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 25, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 22, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MU-CIRB 2026/171.2603

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

Research data will be shared in a de-identified format only; for instance, participant names will be replaced with codes, and faces will be blurred in all images.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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